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Inflammation, Infectious Triggers, and Parkinson's Disease
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta with a reduction of dopamine concentration in the striatum. The complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors seems to play a role...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6389614/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30837941 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2019.00122 |
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author | Caggiu, Elisa Arru, Giannina Hosseini, Sepideh Niegowska, Magdalena Sechi, GianPietro Zarbo, Ignazio Roberto Sechi, Leonardo A. |
author_facet | Caggiu, Elisa Arru, Giannina Hosseini, Sepideh Niegowska, Magdalena Sechi, GianPietro Zarbo, Ignazio Roberto Sechi, Leonardo A. |
author_sort | Caggiu, Elisa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta with a reduction of dopamine concentration in the striatum. The complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors seems to play a role in determining susceptibility to PD and may explain the heterogeneity observed in clinical presentations. The exact etiology is not yet clear, but different possible causes have been identified. Inflammation has been increasingly studied as part of the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, corroborating the hypothesis that the immune system may be the nexus between environmental and genetic factors, and the abnormal immune function can lead to disease. In this review we report the different aspects of inflammation and immune system in Parkinson's disease, with particular interest in the possible role played by immune dysfunctions in PD, with focus on autoimmunity and processes involving infectious agents as a trigger and alpha-synuclein protein (α-syn). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6389614 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63896142019-03-05 Inflammation, Infectious Triggers, and Parkinson's Disease Caggiu, Elisa Arru, Giannina Hosseini, Sepideh Niegowska, Magdalena Sechi, GianPietro Zarbo, Ignazio Roberto Sechi, Leonardo A. Front Neurol Neurology Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta with a reduction of dopamine concentration in the striatum. The complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors seems to play a role in determining susceptibility to PD and may explain the heterogeneity observed in clinical presentations. The exact etiology is not yet clear, but different possible causes have been identified. Inflammation has been increasingly studied as part of the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, corroborating the hypothesis that the immune system may be the nexus between environmental and genetic factors, and the abnormal immune function can lead to disease. In this review we report the different aspects of inflammation and immune system in Parkinson's disease, with particular interest in the possible role played by immune dysfunctions in PD, with focus on autoimmunity and processes involving infectious agents as a trigger and alpha-synuclein protein (α-syn). Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-02-19 /pmc/articles/PMC6389614/ /pubmed/30837941 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2019.00122 Text en Copyright © 2019 Caggiu, Arru, Hosseini, Niegowska, Sechi, Zarbo and Sechi. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neurology Caggiu, Elisa Arru, Giannina Hosseini, Sepideh Niegowska, Magdalena Sechi, GianPietro Zarbo, Ignazio Roberto Sechi, Leonardo A. Inflammation, Infectious Triggers, and Parkinson's Disease |
title | Inflammation, Infectious Triggers, and Parkinson's Disease |
title_full | Inflammation, Infectious Triggers, and Parkinson's Disease |
title_fullStr | Inflammation, Infectious Triggers, and Parkinson's Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Inflammation, Infectious Triggers, and Parkinson's Disease |
title_short | Inflammation, Infectious Triggers, and Parkinson's Disease |
title_sort | inflammation, infectious triggers, and parkinson's disease |
topic | Neurology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6389614/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30837941 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2019.00122 |
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