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Distribution of SiO(2) nanoparticles in 3D liver microtissues
INTRODUCTION: Nanoparticles (NPs) are used in numerous products in technical fields and biomedicine; their potential adverse effects have to be considered in order to achieve safe applications. Besides their distribution in tissues, organs, and cellular localization, their impact and penetration dur...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove Medical Press
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6390853/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30863069 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S189888 |
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author | Fleddermann, Jana Susewind, Julia Peuschel, Henrike Koch, Marcus Tavernaro, Isabella Kraegeloh, Annette |
author_facet | Fleddermann, Jana Susewind, Julia Peuschel, Henrike Koch, Marcus Tavernaro, Isabella Kraegeloh, Annette |
author_sort | Fleddermann, Jana |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: Nanoparticles (NPs) are used in numerous products in technical fields and biomedicine; their potential adverse effects have to be considered in order to achieve safe applications. Besides their distribution in tissues, organs, and cellular localization, their impact and penetration during the process of tissue formation occurring in vivo during liver regeneration are critical steps for establishment of safe nanomaterials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 3D cell culture of human hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2) was used to generate cellular spheroids, serving as in vitro liver microtissues. In order to determine their differential distribution and penetration depth in HepG2 spheroids, SiO(2) NPs were applied either during or after spheroid formation. The NP penetration was comprehensively studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: Spheroids were exposed to 100 µg mL(−1) SiO(2) NPs either at the beginning of spheroid formation, or during or after formation of spheroids. Microscopy analyses revealed that NP penetration into the spheroid is limited. During and after spheroid formation, SiO(2) NPs penetrated about 20 µm into the spheroids, corresponding to about three cell layers. In contrast, because of the addition of SiO(2) NPs simultaneously to cell seeding, NP agglomerates were located also in the spheroid center. Application of SiO(2) NPs during the process of spheroid formation had no impact on final spheroid size. CONCLUSION: Understanding the distribution of NPs in tissues is essential for biomedical applications. The obtained results indicate that NPs show only limited penetration into already formed tissue, which is probably caused by the alteration of the tissue structure and cell packing density during the process of spheroid formation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6390853 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Dove Medical Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-63908532019-03-12 Distribution of SiO(2) nanoparticles in 3D liver microtissues Fleddermann, Jana Susewind, Julia Peuschel, Henrike Koch, Marcus Tavernaro, Isabella Kraegeloh, Annette Int J Nanomedicine Original Research INTRODUCTION: Nanoparticles (NPs) are used in numerous products in technical fields and biomedicine; their potential adverse effects have to be considered in order to achieve safe applications. Besides their distribution in tissues, organs, and cellular localization, their impact and penetration during the process of tissue formation occurring in vivo during liver regeneration are critical steps for establishment of safe nanomaterials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 3D cell culture of human hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2) was used to generate cellular spheroids, serving as in vitro liver microtissues. In order to determine their differential distribution and penetration depth in HepG2 spheroids, SiO(2) NPs were applied either during or after spheroid formation. The NP penetration was comprehensively studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: Spheroids were exposed to 100 µg mL(−1) SiO(2) NPs either at the beginning of spheroid formation, or during or after formation of spheroids. Microscopy analyses revealed that NP penetration into the spheroid is limited. During and after spheroid formation, SiO(2) NPs penetrated about 20 µm into the spheroids, corresponding to about three cell layers. In contrast, because of the addition of SiO(2) NPs simultaneously to cell seeding, NP agglomerates were located also in the spheroid center. Application of SiO(2) NPs during the process of spheroid formation had no impact on final spheroid size. CONCLUSION: Understanding the distribution of NPs in tissues is essential for biomedical applications. The obtained results indicate that NPs show only limited penetration into already formed tissue, which is probably caused by the alteration of the tissue structure and cell packing density during the process of spheroid formation. Dove Medical Press 2019-02-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6390853/ /pubmed/30863069 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S189888 Text en © 2019 Fleddermann et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Fleddermann, Jana Susewind, Julia Peuschel, Henrike Koch, Marcus Tavernaro, Isabella Kraegeloh, Annette Distribution of SiO(2) nanoparticles in 3D liver microtissues |
title | Distribution of SiO(2) nanoparticles in 3D liver microtissues |
title_full | Distribution of SiO(2) nanoparticles in 3D liver microtissues |
title_fullStr | Distribution of SiO(2) nanoparticles in 3D liver microtissues |
title_full_unstemmed | Distribution of SiO(2) nanoparticles in 3D liver microtissues |
title_short | Distribution of SiO(2) nanoparticles in 3D liver microtissues |
title_sort | distribution of sio(2) nanoparticles in 3d liver microtissues |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6390853/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30863069 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S189888 |
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