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Radicalization Leading to Violence: A Test of the 3N Model

The present research examines the social cognitive processes underlying ideologically-based violence through the lens of the 3N model of radicalization. To test this theory, we introduce two new psychometric instruments—a social alienation and a support for political violence scale—developed in coll...

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Autores principales: Bélanger, Jocelyn J., Moyano, Manuel, Muhammad, Hayat, Richardson, Lindsy, Lafrenière, Marc-André K., McCaffery, Patrick, Framand, Karyne, Nociti, Noëmie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6396731/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30853917
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00042
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author Bélanger, Jocelyn J.
Moyano, Manuel
Muhammad, Hayat
Richardson, Lindsy
Lafrenière, Marc-André K.
McCaffery, Patrick
Framand, Karyne
Nociti, Noëmie
author_facet Bélanger, Jocelyn J.
Moyano, Manuel
Muhammad, Hayat
Richardson, Lindsy
Lafrenière, Marc-André K.
McCaffery, Patrick
Framand, Karyne
Nociti, Noëmie
author_sort Bélanger, Jocelyn J.
collection PubMed
description The present research examines the social cognitive processes underlying ideologically-based violence through the lens of the 3N model of radicalization. To test this theory, we introduce two new psychometric instruments—a social alienation and a support for political violence scale—developed in collaboration with 13 subject matter experts on terrorism. Using these instruments, we test the theory's hypotheses in four different cultural settings. In Study 1, Canadians reporting high levels of social alienation (Need) expressed greater support for political violence (Narrative), which in turn positively predicted wanting to join a radical group (Network), controlling for other measures related to political violence. Study 2a and 2b replicated these findings in Pakistan and in Spain, respectively. Using an experimental manipulation of social alienation, Study 3 extended these findings with an American sample and demonstrated that moral justification is one of the psychological mechanisms linking social alienation to supporting political violence. Implications and future directions for the psychology of terrorism are discussed.
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spelling pubmed-63967312019-03-08 Radicalization Leading to Violence: A Test of the 3N Model Bélanger, Jocelyn J. Moyano, Manuel Muhammad, Hayat Richardson, Lindsy Lafrenière, Marc-André K. McCaffery, Patrick Framand, Karyne Nociti, Noëmie Front Psychiatry Psychiatry The present research examines the social cognitive processes underlying ideologically-based violence through the lens of the 3N model of radicalization. To test this theory, we introduce two new psychometric instruments—a social alienation and a support for political violence scale—developed in collaboration with 13 subject matter experts on terrorism. Using these instruments, we test the theory's hypotheses in four different cultural settings. In Study 1, Canadians reporting high levels of social alienation (Need) expressed greater support for political violence (Narrative), which in turn positively predicted wanting to join a radical group (Network), controlling for other measures related to political violence. Study 2a and 2b replicated these findings in Pakistan and in Spain, respectively. Using an experimental manipulation of social alienation, Study 3 extended these findings with an American sample and demonstrated that moral justification is one of the psychological mechanisms linking social alienation to supporting political violence. Implications and future directions for the psychology of terrorism are discussed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6396731/ /pubmed/30853917 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00042 Text en Copyright © 2019 Bélanger, Moyano, Muhammad, Richardson, Lafrenière, McCaffery, Framand and Nociti. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Bélanger, Jocelyn J.
Moyano, Manuel
Muhammad, Hayat
Richardson, Lindsy
Lafrenière, Marc-André K.
McCaffery, Patrick
Framand, Karyne
Nociti, Noëmie
Radicalization Leading to Violence: A Test of the 3N Model
title Radicalization Leading to Violence: A Test of the 3N Model
title_full Radicalization Leading to Violence: A Test of the 3N Model
title_fullStr Radicalization Leading to Violence: A Test of the 3N Model
title_full_unstemmed Radicalization Leading to Violence: A Test of the 3N Model
title_short Radicalization Leading to Violence: A Test of the 3N Model
title_sort radicalization leading to violence: a test of the 3n model
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6396731/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30853917
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00042
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