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Asymmetric division through a reduction of microtubule centering forces
Asymmetric divisions are essential for the generation of cell fate and size diversity. They implicate cortical domains where minus end–directed motors, such as dynein, are activated to pull on microtubules to decenter asters attached to centrosomes, nuclei, or spindles. In asymmetrically dividing ce...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Rockefeller University Press
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6400563/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30563876 http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201807102 |
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author | Sallé, Jérémy Xie, Jing Ershov, Dmitry Lacassin, Milan Dmitrieff, Serge Minc, Nicolas |
author_facet | Sallé, Jérémy Xie, Jing Ershov, Dmitry Lacassin, Milan Dmitrieff, Serge Minc, Nicolas |
author_sort | Sallé, Jérémy |
collection | PubMed |
description | Asymmetric divisions are essential for the generation of cell fate and size diversity. They implicate cortical domains where minus end–directed motors, such as dynein, are activated to pull on microtubules to decenter asters attached to centrosomes, nuclei, or spindles. In asymmetrically dividing cells, aster decentration typically follows a centering phase, suggesting a time-dependent regulation in the competition between microtubule centering and decentering forces. Using symmetrically dividing sea urchin zygotes, we generated cortical domains of magnetic particles that spontaneously cluster endogenous dynein activity. These domains efficiently attract asters and nuclei, yielding marked asymmetric divisions. Remarkably, aster decentration only occurred after asters had first reached the cell center. Using intracellular force measurement and models, we demonstrate that this time-regulated imbalance results from a global reduction of centering forces rather than a local maturation of dynein activity at the domain. Those findings define a novel paradigm for the regulation of division asymmetry. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6400563 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Rockefeller University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64005632019-09-04 Asymmetric division through a reduction of microtubule centering forces Sallé, Jérémy Xie, Jing Ershov, Dmitry Lacassin, Milan Dmitrieff, Serge Minc, Nicolas J Cell Biol Research Articles Asymmetric divisions are essential for the generation of cell fate and size diversity. They implicate cortical domains where minus end–directed motors, such as dynein, are activated to pull on microtubules to decenter asters attached to centrosomes, nuclei, or spindles. In asymmetrically dividing cells, aster decentration typically follows a centering phase, suggesting a time-dependent regulation in the competition between microtubule centering and decentering forces. Using symmetrically dividing sea urchin zygotes, we generated cortical domains of magnetic particles that spontaneously cluster endogenous dynein activity. These domains efficiently attract asters and nuclei, yielding marked asymmetric divisions. Remarkably, aster decentration only occurred after asters had first reached the cell center. Using intracellular force measurement and models, we demonstrate that this time-regulated imbalance results from a global reduction of centering forces rather than a local maturation of dynein activity at the domain. Those findings define a novel paradigm for the regulation of division asymmetry. Rockefeller University Press 2019-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6400563/ /pubmed/30563876 http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201807102 Text en © 2019 Sallé et al. http://www.rupress.org/terms/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms/). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 4.0 International license, as described at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Sallé, Jérémy Xie, Jing Ershov, Dmitry Lacassin, Milan Dmitrieff, Serge Minc, Nicolas Asymmetric division through a reduction of microtubule centering forces |
title | Asymmetric division through a reduction of microtubule centering forces |
title_full | Asymmetric division through a reduction of microtubule centering forces |
title_fullStr | Asymmetric division through a reduction of microtubule centering forces |
title_full_unstemmed | Asymmetric division through a reduction of microtubule centering forces |
title_short | Asymmetric division through a reduction of microtubule centering forces |
title_sort | asymmetric division through a reduction of microtubule centering forces |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6400563/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30563876 http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201807102 |
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