An online global database of Hemiptera-Phytoplasma-Plant biological interactions

Abstract. BACKGROUND: Phytoplasmas are phloem-limited plant pathogenic bacteria in the class Mollicutes transmitted by sap-feeding insect vectors of the Order Hemiptera. Vectors still have not yet been identified for about half of the 33 known phytoplasma groups and this has greatly hindered efforts to control the spread of diseases affecting important crops. Extensive gaps of knowledge on actual phytoplasma vectors and on the plant disease epidemiology prevent our understanding of the basic underlying biological mechanisms that facilitate interactions between insects, phytoplasmas and their host plants. NEW INFORMATION: This paper presents a complete online database of Hemiptera-Phytoplasma-Plant (HPP) biological interactions worldwide, searchable via an online interface. The raw data are available through Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2532738. The online database search interface was created using the 3I software (Dmitriev 2006) which enhances data usability by providing a customised web interface (http://trivellone.speciesfile.org/) that provides an overview of the recorded biological interactions and ability to discover particular interactions by searching for one or more phytoplasma, insect or plant taxa. The database will facilitate synthesis of all available and relevant data on the observed associations between phytoplasmas and their insect and plant hosts and will provide useful data to generate and test ecological and evolutionary hypotheses.