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The Role of the Periaqueductal Gray Matter in Lower Urinary Tract Function
The periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), as one of the mostly preserved evolutionary components of the brain, is an axial structure modulating various important functions of the organism, including autonomic, behavioral, pain, and micturition control. It has a critical role in urinary bladder physiolog...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer US
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6400878/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29804231 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12035-018-1131-8 |
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author | Zare, Aryo Jahanshahi, Ali Rahnama’i, Mohammad-Sajjad Schipper, Sandra van Koeveringe, Gommert A. |
author_facet | Zare, Aryo Jahanshahi, Ali Rahnama’i, Mohammad-Sajjad Schipper, Sandra van Koeveringe, Gommert A. |
author_sort | Zare, Aryo |
collection | PubMed |
description | The periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), as one of the mostly preserved evolutionary components of the brain, is an axial structure modulating various important functions of the organism, including autonomic, behavioral, pain, and micturition control. It has a critical role in urinary bladder physiology, with respect to storage and voiding of urine. The PAG has a columnar composition and has extensive connections with its cranially and caudally located components of the central nervous system (CNS). The PAG serves as the control tower of the detrusor and sphincter contractions. It serves as a bridge between the evolutionary higher decision-making brain centers and the lower centers responsible for reflexive micturition. Glutamatergic cells are the main operational neurons in the vlPAG, responsible for the reception and relay of the signals emerging from the bladder, to related brain centers. Functional imaging studies made it possible to clarify the activity of the PAG in voiding and filling phases of micturition, and its connections with various brain centers in living humans. The PAG may be affected in a wide spectrum of disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), migraine, stroke, Wernicke’s encephalopathy, and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, all of which may have voiding dysfunction or incontinence, in certain stages of the disease. This emphasizes the importance of this structure for the basic understanding of voiding and storage disorders and makes it a potential candidate for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6400878 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Springer US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64008782019-03-22 The Role of the Periaqueductal Gray Matter in Lower Urinary Tract Function Zare, Aryo Jahanshahi, Ali Rahnama’i, Mohammad-Sajjad Schipper, Sandra van Koeveringe, Gommert A. Mol Neurobiol Article The periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), as one of the mostly preserved evolutionary components of the brain, is an axial structure modulating various important functions of the organism, including autonomic, behavioral, pain, and micturition control. It has a critical role in urinary bladder physiology, with respect to storage and voiding of urine. The PAG has a columnar composition and has extensive connections with its cranially and caudally located components of the central nervous system (CNS). The PAG serves as the control tower of the detrusor and sphincter contractions. It serves as a bridge between the evolutionary higher decision-making brain centers and the lower centers responsible for reflexive micturition. Glutamatergic cells are the main operational neurons in the vlPAG, responsible for the reception and relay of the signals emerging from the bladder, to related brain centers. Functional imaging studies made it possible to clarify the activity of the PAG in voiding and filling phases of micturition, and its connections with various brain centers in living humans. The PAG may be affected in a wide spectrum of disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), migraine, stroke, Wernicke’s encephalopathy, and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, all of which may have voiding dysfunction or incontinence, in certain stages of the disease. This emphasizes the importance of this structure for the basic understanding of voiding and storage disorders and makes it a potential candidate for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Springer US 2018-05-26 2019 /pmc/articles/PMC6400878/ /pubmed/29804231 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12035-018-1131-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
spellingShingle | Article Zare, Aryo Jahanshahi, Ali Rahnama’i, Mohammad-Sajjad Schipper, Sandra van Koeveringe, Gommert A. The Role of the Periaqueductal Gray Matter in Lower Urinary Tract Function |
title | The Role of the Periaqueductal Gray Matter in Lower Urinary Tract Function |
title_full | The Role of the Periaqueductal Gray Matter in Lower Urinary Tract Function |
title_fullStr | The Role of the Periaqueductal Gray Matter in Lower Urinary Tract Function |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of the Periaqueductal Gray Matter in Lower Urinary Tract Function |
title_short | The Role of the Periaqueductal Gray Matter in Lower Urinary Tract Function |
title_sort | role of the periaqueductal gray matter in lower urinary tract function |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6400878/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29804231 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12035-018-1131-8 |
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