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Anti-quenching NIR-II molecular fluorophores for in vivo high-contrast imaging and pH sensing
The contrast and sensitivity of in vivo fluorescence imaging has been revolutionized by molecular fluorophores operating in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II; 1000-1700 nm), but an ongoing challenge is the solvatochromism-caused quenching in aqueous solution for the long-wavelength absorbing f...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6401027/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30837470 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09043-x |
Sumario: | The contrast and sensitivity of in vivo fluorescence imaging has been revolutionized by molecular fluorophores operating in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II; 1000-1700 nm), but an ongoing challenge is the solvatochromism-caused quenching in aqueous solution for the long-wavelength absorbing fluorophores. Herein, we develop a series of anti-quenching pentamethine cyanine fluorophores that significantly overcome the severe solvatochromism, thus affording stable absorption/emission beyond 1000 nm with up to ~ 44-fold enhanced brightness and superior photostability in aqueous solution. These advantages allow for deep optical penetration (8 mm) as well as high-contrast and highly-stable lymphatic imaging superior to clinical-approved indocyanine green. Additionally, these fluorophores exhibit pH-responsive fluorescence, allowing for noninvasive ratiometric fluorescence imaging and quantification of gastric pH in vivo. The results demonstrate reliable accuracy in tissue as deep as 4 mm, comparable to standard pH electrode method. This work unlocks the potential of anti-quenching pentamethine cyanines for NIR-II biological applications. |
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