Cargando…
Saponin-Induced Shifts in the Rumen Microbiome and Metabolome of Young Cattle
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of saponins on the rumen microbiota and the ruminal metabolome. Alfalfa hay (AH) and soybean hulls (SH) were used as fiber sources for the control diets. The AH and SH diets were supplemented with tea saponins resulting in two additional diets named A...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6403146/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30873143 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00356 |
_version_ | 1783400522272735232 |
---|---|
author | Wang, Bing Ma, Man Peng Diao, Qi Yu Tu, Yan |
author_facet | Wang, Bing Ma, Man Peng Diao, Qi Yu Tu, Yan |
author_sort | Wang, Bing |
collection | PubMed |
description | The aim of this study was to explore the effects of saponins on the rumen microbiota and the ruminal metabolome. Alfalfa hay (AH) and soybean hulls (SH) were used as fiber sources for the control diets. The AH and SH diets were supplemented with tea saponins resulting in two additional diets named AHS and SHS, respectively. These 4 diets were fed to 24 young male Holstein cattle (n = 6 per diet). After 28 days of feeding, the rumen fluid from these cattle was collected using an oral stomach tube. Illumina MiSeq sequencing and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS) were used to investigate the changes in the ruminal microbes and their metabolites. The relative abundance of Prevotellaceae_YAB2003 increased, while Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214 and Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20 decreased in SHS and AHS compared to SH and AHS, respectively. Feeding SHS resulted in higher ruminal concentrations of squalene, lanosterol, 3-phenylpropanoic acid, and citrulline compared to SH. The different microbial genes predicted by Tax4Fun were involved in amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. The pathways of arginine and proline metabolism, purine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism were enriched by different metabolites. Moreover, in the SH group, a positive correlation was observed between Prevotella_1 (Bacteroidetes), Prevotellaceae_YAB2003 (Bacteroidetes), and Christensenellaceae_R.7 (Firmicutes), and the metabolites, including citrulline, lanosterol, and squalene. The increased abundances of Prevotella_1, Ruminococcaceae_UCG.002, and Prevotellaceae_YAB2003 might result in increased fiber digestion and nutrient utilization but nutrient digestion was not measured in the current study. In summary, saponins have the ability to modulate the ruminal microbial community and ruminal metabolites and thus affect the rumen environment. However, the response seems to be dependent on the composition of the basal diet. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the microbial and biochemical changes in the rumen of cattle fed saponins. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6403146 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64031462019-03-14 Saponin-Induced Shifts in the Rumen Microbiome and Metabolome of Young Cattle Wang, Bing Ma, Man Peng Diao, Qi Yu Tu, Yan Front Microbiol Microbiology The aim of this study was to explore the effects of saponins on the rumen microbiota and the ruminal metabolome. Alfalfa hay (AH) and soybean hulls (SH) were used as fiber sources for the control diets. The AH and SH diets were supplemented with tea saponins resulting in two additional diets named AHS and SHS, respectively. These 4 diets were fed to 24 young male Holstein cattle (n = 6 per diet). After 28 days of feeding, the rumen fluid from these cattle was collected using an oral stomach tube. Illumina MiSeq sequencing and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF/MS) were used to investigate the changes in the ruminal microbes and their metabolites. The relative abundance of Prevotellaceae_YAB2003 increased, while Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214 and Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20 decreased in SHS and AHS compared to SH and AHS, respectively. Feeding SHS resulted in higher ruminal concentrations of squalene, lanosterol, 3-phenylpropanoic acid, and citrulline compared to SH. The different microbial genes predicted by Tax4Fun were involved in amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. The pathways of arginine and proline metabolism, purine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism were enriched by different metabolites. Moreover, in the SH group, a positive correlation was observed between Prevotella_1 (Bacteroidetes), Prevotellaceae_YAB2003 (Bacteroidetes), and Christensenellaceae_R.7 (Firmicutes), and the metabolites, including citrulline, lanosterol, and squalene. The increased abundances of Prevotella_1, Ruminococcaceae_UCG.002, and Prevotellaceae_YAB2003 might result in increased fiber digestion and nutrient utilization but nutrient digestion was not measured in the current study. In summary, saponins have the ability to modulate the ruminal microbial community and ruminal metabolites and thus affect the rumen environment. However, the response seems to be dependent on the composition of the basal diet. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the microbial and biochemical changes in the rumen of cattle fed saponins. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6403146/ /pubmed/30873143 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00356 Text en Copyright © 2019 Wang, Ma, Diao and Tu. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Wang, Bing Ma, Man Peng Diao, Qi Yu Tu, Yan Saponin-Induced Shifts in the Rumen Microbiome and Metabolome of Young Cattle |
title | Saponin-Induced Shifts in the Rumen Microbiome and Metabolome of Young Cattle |
title_full | Saponin-Induced Shifts in the Rumen Microbiome and Metabolome of Young Cattle |
title_fullStr | Saponin-Induced Shifts in the Rumen Microbiome and Metabolome of Young Cattle |
title_full_unstemmed | Saponin-Induced Shifts in the Rumen Microbiome and Metabolome of Young Cattle |
title_short | Saponin-Induced Shifts in the Rumen Microbiome and Metabolome of Young Cattle |
title_sort | saponin-induced shifts in the rumen microbiome and metabolome of young cattle |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6403146/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30873143 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00356 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT wangbing saponininducedshiftsintherumenmicrobiomeandmetabolomeofyoungcattle AT mamanpeng saponininducedshiftsintherumenmicrobiomeandmetabolomeofyoungcattle AT diaoqiyu saponininducedshiftsintherumenmicrobiomeandmetabolomeofyoungcattle AT tuyan saponininducedshiftsintherumenmicrobiomeandmetabolomeofyoungcattle |