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Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered From an Amazonian Lake Near the City of Belém, Brazil

Aquatic systems have been described as antibiotic resistance reservoirs, where water may act as a vehicle for the spread of resistant bacteria and resistance genes. We evaluated the occurrence and diversity of third generation cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative bacteria in a lake in the Amazonia...

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Autores principales: Freitas, Dhara Y., Araújo, Susana, Folador, Adriana R. C., Ramos, Rommel T. J., Azevedo, Juliana S. N., Tacão, Marta, Silva, Artur, Henriques, Isabel, Baraúna, Rafael A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6403167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30873145
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00364
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author Freitas, Dhara Y.
Araújo, Susana
Folador, Adriana R. C.
Ramos, Rommel T. J.
Azevedo, Juliana S. N.
Tacão, Marta
Silva, Artur
Henriques, Isabel
Baraúna, Rafael A.
author_facet Freitas, Dhara Y.
Araújo, Susana
Folador, Adriana R. C.
Ramos, Rommel T. J.
Azevedo, Juliana S. N.
Tacão, Marta
Silva, Artur
Henriques, Isabel
Baraúna, Rafael A.
author_sort Freitas, Dhara Y.
collection PubMed
description Aquatic systems have been described as antibiotic resistance reservoirs, where water may act as a vehicle for the spread of resistant bacteria and resistance genes. We evaluated the occurrence and diversity of third generation cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative bacteria in a lake in the Amazonia region. This water is used for human activities, including consumption after appropriate treatment. Eighteen samples were obtained from six sites in October 2014. Water quality parameters were generally within the legislation limits. Thirty-three bacterial isolates were identified as Escherichia (n = 7 isolates), Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella (n = 5 each), Pseudomonas (n = 4), Shigella (n = 3), and Chromobacterium, Citrobacter, Leclercia, Phytobacter (1 isolate each). Twenty nine out of 33 isolates (88%) were resistant to most beta-lactams, except carbapenems, and 88% (n = 29) were resistant to antibiotics included in at least three different classes. Among the beta-lactamase genes inspected, the bla(CTX–M) was the most prevalent (n = 12 positive isolates), followed by bla(TEM) (n = 5) and bla(SHV) (n = 4). bla(CTX–M–15) (n = 5), bla(CTX–M–14) (n = 1) and bla(CTX–M–2) (n = 1) variants were detected in conserved genomic contexts: bla(CTX–M–15) flanked by ISEcp1 and Orf477; bla(CTX–M–14) flanked by ISEcp1 and IS903; and bla(CTX–M–2) associated to an ISCR element. For 4 strains the transfer of bla(CTX–M) was confirmed by conjugation assays. Compared with the recipient, the transconjugants showed more than 500-fold increases in the MICs of cefotaxime and 16 to 32-fold increases in the MICs of ceftazidime. Two isolates (Escherichia coli APC43A and Acinetobacter baumannii APC25) were selected for whole genome analysis. APC43A was predicted as a E. coli pathogen of the high-risk clone ST471 and serotype O154:H18. bla(CTX–M–15) as well as determinants related to efflux of antibiotics, were noted in APC43A genome. A. baumannii APC25 was susceptible to carbapenems and antibiotic resistance genes detected in its genome were intrinsic determinants (e.g., bla(OXA–208) and bla(ADC–like)). The strain was not predicted as a human pathogen and belongs to a new sequence type. Operons related to metal resistance were predicted in both genomes as well as pathogenicity and resistance islands. Results suggest a high dissemination of ESBL-producing bacteria in Lake Água Preta which, although not presenting characteristics of a strongly impacted environment, contains multi-drug resistant pathogenic strains.
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spelling pubmed-64031672019-03-14 Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered From an Amazonian Lake Near the City of Belém, Brazil Freitas, Dhara Y. Araújo, Susana Folador, Adriana R. C. Ramos, Rommel T. J. Azevedo, Juliana S. N. Tacão, Marta Silva, Artur Henriques, Isabel Baraúna, Rafael A. Front Microbiol Microbiology Aquatic systems have been described as antibiotic resistance reservoirs, where water may act as a vehicle for the spread of resistant bacteria and resistance genes. We evaluated the occurrence and diversity of third generation cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative bacteria in a lake in the Amazonia region. This water is used for human activities, including consumption after appropriate treatment. Eighteen samples were obtained from six sites in October 2014. Water quality parameters were generally within the legislation limits. Thirty-three bacterial isolates were identified as Escherichia (n = 7 isolates), Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, and Klebsiella (n = 5 each), Pseudomonas (n = 4), Shigella (n = 3), and Chromobacterium, Citrobacter, Leclercia, Phytobacter (1 isolate each). Twenty nine out of 33 isolates (88%) were resistant to most beta-lactams, except carbapenems, and 88% (n = 29) were resistant to antibiotics included in at least three different classes. Among the beta-lactamase genes inspected, the bla(CTX–M) was the most prevalent (n = 12 positive isolates), followed by bla(TEM) (n = 5) and bla(SHV) (n = 4). bla(CTX–M–15) (n = 5), bla(CTX–M–14) (n = 1) and bla(CTX–M–2) (n = 1) variants were detected in conserved genomic contexts: bla(CTX–M–15) flanked by ISEcp1 and Orf477; bla(CTX–M–14) flanked by ISEcp1 and IS903; and bla(CTX–M–2) associated to an ISCR element. For 4 strains the transfer of bla(CTX–M) was confirmed by conjugation assays. Compared with the recipient, the transconjugants showed more than 500-fold increases in the MICs of cefotaxime and 16 to 32-fold increases in the MICs of ceftazidime. Two isolates (Escherichia coli APC43A and Acinetobacter baumannii APC25) were selected for whole genome analysis. APC43A was predicted as a E. coli pathogen of the high-risk clone ST471 and serotype O154:H18. bla(CTX–M–15) as well as determinants related to efflux of antibiotics, were noted in APC43A genome. A. baumannii APC25 was susceptible to carbapenems and antibiotic resistance genes detected in its genome were intrinsic determinants (e.g., bla(OXA–208) and bla(ADC–like)). The strain was not predicted as a human pathogen and belongs to a new sequence type. Operons related to metal resistance were predicted in both genomes as well as pathogenicity and resistance islands. Results suggest a high dissemination of ESBL-producing bacteria in Lake Água Preta which, although not presenting characteristics of a strongly impacted environment, contains multi-drug resistant pathogenic strains. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6403167/ /pubmed/30873145 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00364 Text en Copyright © 2019 Freitas, Araújo, Folador, Ramos, Azevedo, Tacão, Silva, Henriques and Baraúna. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Freitas, Dhara Y.
Araújo, Susana
Folador, Adriana R. C.
Ramos, Rommel T. J.
Azevedo, Juliana S. N.
Tacão, Marta
Silva, Artur
Henriques, Isabel
Baraúna, Rafael A.
Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered From an Amazonian Lake Near the City of Belém, Brazil
title Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered From an Amazonian Lake Near the City of Belém, Brazil
title_full Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered From an Amazonian Lake Near the City of Belém, Brazil
title_fullStr Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered From an Amazonian Lake Near the City of Belém, Brazil
title_full_unstemmed Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered From an Amazonian Lake Near the City of Belém, Brazil
title_short Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria Recovered From an Amazonian Lake Near the City of Belém, Brazil
title_sort extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing gram-negative bacteria recovered from an amazonian lake near the city of belém, brazil
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6403167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30873145
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.00364
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