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The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation
Excessive levels of plastic waste in our oceans and landfills indicate that there is an abundance of potential carbon sources with huge economic value being neglected. These waste plastics, through biological fermentation, could offer alternatives to traditional petrol-based plastics. Polyhydroxyalk...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6404237/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30960882 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10090957 |
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author | Johnston, Brian Radecka, Iza Hill, David Chiellini, Emo Ilieva, Vassilka Ivanova Sikorska, Wanda Musioł, Marta Zięba, Magdalena Marek, Adam A. Keddie, Daniel Mendrek, Barbara Darbar, Surila Adamus, Grazyna Kowalczuk, Marek |
author_facet | Johnston, Brian Radecka, Iza Hill, David Chiellini, Emo Ilieva, Vassilka Ivanova Sikorska, Wanda Musioł, Marta Zięba, Magdalena Marek, Adam A. Keddie, Daniel Mendrek, Barbara Darbar, Surila Adamus, Grazyna Kowalczuk, Marek |
author_sort | Johnston, Brian |
collection | PubMed |
description | Excessive levels of plastic waste in our oceans and landfills indicate that there is an abundance of potential carbon sources with huge economic value being neglected. These waste plastics, through biological fermentation, could offer alternatives to traditional petrol-based plastics. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a group of plastics produced by some strains of bacteria that could be part of a new generation of polyester materials that are biodegradable, biocompatible, and, most importantly, non-toxic if discarded. This study introduces the use of prodegraded high impact and general polystyrene (PS0). Polystyrene is commonly used in disposable cutlery, CD cases, trays, and packaging. Despite these applications, some forms of polystyrene PS remain financially and environmentally expensive to send to landfills. The prodegraded PS0 waste plastics used were broken down at varied high temperatures while exposed to ozone. These variables produced PS flakes (PS1–3) and a powder (PS4) with individual acid numbers. Consequently, after fermentation, different PHAs and amounts of biomass were produced. The bacterial strain, Cupriavidus necator H16, was selected for this study due to its well-documented genetic profile, stability, robustness, and ability to produce PHAs at relatively low temperatures. The accumulation of PHAs varied from 39% for prodegraded PS0 in nitrogen rich media to 48% (w/w) of dry biomass with the treated PS. The polymers extracted from biomass were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) to assess their molecular structure and properties. In conclusion, the PS0–3 specimens were shown to be the most promising carbon sources for PHA biosynthesis; with 3-hydroxybutyrate and up to 12 mol % of 3-hydroxyvalerate and 3-hydroxyhexanoate co-monomeric units generated. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6404237 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64042372019-04-02 The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation Johnston, Brian Radecka, Iza Hill, David Chiellini, Emo Ilieva, Vassilka Ivanova Sikorska, Wanda Musioł, Marta Zięba, Magdalena Marek, Adam A. Keddie, Daniel Mendrek, Barbara Darbar, Surila Adamus, Grazyna Kowalczuk, Marek Polymers (Basel) Article Excessive levels of plastic waste in our oceans and landfills indicate that there is an abundance of potential carbon sources with huge economic value being neglected. These waste plastics, through biological fermentation, could offer alternatives to traditional petrol-based plastics. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a group of plastics produced by some strains of bacteria that could be part of a new generation of polyester materials that are biodegradable, biocompatible, and, most importantly, non-toxic if discarded. This study introduces the use of prodegraded high impact and general polystyrene (PS0). Polystyrene is commonly used in disposable cutlery, CD cases, trays, and packaging. Despite these applications, some forms of polystyrene PS remain financially and environmentally expensive to send to landfills. The prodegraded PS0 waste plastics used were broken down at varied high temperatures while exposed to ozone. These variables produced PS flakes (PS1–3) and a powder (PS4) with individual acid numbers. Consequently, after fermentation, different PHAs and amounts of biomass were produced. The bacterial strain, Cupriavidus necator H16, was selected for this study due to its well-documented genetic profile, stability, robustness, and ability to produce PHAs at relatively low temperatures. The accumulation of PHAs varied from 39% for prodegraded PS0 in nitrogen rich media to 48% (w/w) of dry biomass with the treated PS. The polymers extracted from biomass were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) to assess their molecular structure and properties. In conclusion, the PS0–3 specimens were shown to be the most promising carbon sources for PHA biosynthesis; with 3-hydroxybutyrate and up to 12 mol % of 3-hydroxyvalerate and 3-hydroxyhexanoate co-monomeric units generated. MDPI 2018-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC6404237/ /pubmed/30960882 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10090957 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Johnston, Brian Radecka, Iza Hill, David Chiellini, Emo Ilieva, Vassilka Ivanova Sikorska, Wanda Musioł, Marta Zięba, Magdalena Marek, Adam A. Keddie, Daniel Mendrek, Barbara Darbar, Surila Adamus, Grazyna Kowalczuk, Marek The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation |
title | The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation |
title_full | The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation |
title_fullStr | The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation |
title_full_unstemmed | The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation |
title_short | The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation |
title_sort | microbial production of polyhydroxyalkanoates from waste polystyrene fragments attained using oxidative degradation |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6404237/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30960882 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10090957 |
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