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The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation

Excessive levels of plastic waste in our oceans and landfills indicate that there is an abundance of potential carbon sources with huge economic value being neglected. These waste plastics, through biological fermentation, could offer alternatives to traditional petrol-based plastics. Polyhydroxyalk...

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Autores principales: Johnston, Brian, Radecka, Iza, Hill, David, Chiellini, Emo, Ilieva, Vassilka Ivanova, Sikorska, Wanda, Musioł, Marta, Zięba, Magdalena, Marek, Adam A., Keddie, Daniel, Mendrek, Barbara, Darbar, Surila, Adamus, Grazyna, Kowalczuk, Marek
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6404237/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30960882
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10090957
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author Johnston, Brian
Radecka, Iza
Hill, David
Chiellini, Emo
Ilieva, Vassilka Ivanova
Sikorska, Wanda
Musioł, Marta
Zięba, Magdalena
Marek, Adam A.
Keddie, Daniel
Mendrek, Barbara
Darbar, Surila
Adamus, Grazyna
Kowalczuk, Marek
author_facet Johnston, Brian
Radecka, Iza
Hill, David
Chiellini, Emo
Ilieva, Vassilka Ivanova
Sikorska, Wanda
Musioł, Marta
Zięba, Magdalena
Marek, Adam A.
Keddie, Daniel
Mendrek, Barbara
Darbar, Surila
Adamus, Grazyna
Kowalczuk, Marek
author_sort Johnston, Brian
collection PubMed
description Excessive levels of plastic waste in our oceans and landfills indicate that there is an abundance of potential carbon sources with huge economic value being neglected. These waste plastics, through biological fermentation, could offer alternatives to traditional petrol-based plastics. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a group of plastics produced by some strains of bacteria that could be part of a new generation of polyester materials that are biodegradable, biocompatible, and, most importantly, non-toxic if discarded. This study introduces the use of prodegraded high impact and general polystyrene (PS0). Polystyrene is commonly used in disposable cutlery, CD cases, trays, and packaging. Despite these applications, some forms of polystyrene PS remain financially and environmentally expensive to send to landfills. The prodegraded PS0 waste plastics used were broken down at varied high temperatures while exposed to ozone. These variables produced PS flakes (PS1–3) and a powder (PS4) with individual acid numbers. Consequently, after fermentation, different PHAs and amounts of biomass were produced. The bacterial strain, Cupriavidus necator H16, was selected for this study due to its well-documented genetic profile, stability, robustness, and ability to produce PHAs at relatively low temperatures. The accumulation of PHAs varied from 39% for prodegraded PS0 in nitrogen rich media to 48% (w/w) of dry biomass with the treated PS. The polymers extracted from biomass were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) to assess their molecular structure and properties. In conclusion, the PS0–3 specimens were shown to be the most promising carbon sources for PHA biosynthesis; with 3-hydroxybutyrate and up to 12 mol % of 3-hydroxyvalerate and 3-hydroxyhexanoate co-monomeric units generated.
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spelling pubmed-64042372019-04-02 The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation Johnston, Brian Radecka, Iza Hill, David Chiellini, Emo Ilieva, Vassilka Ivanova Sikorska, Wanda Musioł, Marta Zięba, Magdalena Marek, Adam A. Keddie, Daniel Mendrek, Barbara Darbar, Surila Adamus, Grazyna Kowalczuk, Marek Polymers (Basel) Article Excessive levels of plastic waste in our oceans and landfills indicate that there is an abundance of potential carbon sources with huge economic value being neglected. These waste plastics, through biological fermentation, could offer alternatives to traditional petrol-based plastics. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a group of plastics produced by some strains of bacteria that could be part of a new generation of polyester materials that are biodegradable, biocompatible, and, most importantly, non-toxic if discarded. This study introduces the use of prodegraded high impact and general polystyrene (PS0). Polystyrene is commonly used in disposable cutlery, CD cases, trays, and packaging. Despite these applications, some forms of polystyrene PS remain financially and environmentally expensive to send to landfills. The prodegraded PS0 waste plastics used were broken down at varied high temperatures while exposed to ozone. These variables produced PS flakes (PS1–3) and a powder (PS4) with individual acid numbers. Consequently, after fermentation, different PHAs and amounts of biomass were produced. The bacterial strain, Cupriavidus necator H16, was selected for this study due to its well-documented genetic profile, stability, robustness, and ability to produce PHAs at relatively low temperatures. The accumulation of PHAs varied from 39% for prodegraded PS0 in nitrogen rich media to 48% (w/w) of dry biomass with the treated PS. The polymers extracted from biomass were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) to assess their molecular structure and properties. In conclusion, the PS0–3 specimens were shown to be the most promising carbon sources for PHA biosynthesis; with 3-hydroxybutyrate and up to 12 mol % of 3-hydroxyvalerate and 3-hydroxyhexanoate co-monomeric units generated. MDPI 2018-08-29 /pmc/articles/PMC6404237/ /pubmed/30960882 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10090957 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Johnston, Brian
Radecka, Iza
Hill, David
Chiellini, Emo
Ilieva, Vassilka Ivanova
Sikorska, Wanda
Musioł, Marta
Zięba, Magdalena
Marek, Adam A.
Keddie, Daniel
Mendrek, Barbara
Darbar, Surila
Adamus, Grazyna
Kowalczuk, Marek
The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation
title The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation
title_full The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation
title_fullStr The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation
title_full_unstemmed The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation
title_short The Microbial Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Waste Polystyrene Fragments Attained Using Oxidative Degradation
title_sort microbial production of polyhydroxyalkanoates from waste polystyrene fragments attained using oxidative degradation
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6404237/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30960882
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10090957
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