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Risks for infection of strawberry plants with an aerosolized inoculum of Xanthomonas fragariae

Xanthomonas fragariae is the causative agent of angular leaf spot of strawberry, a quarantine organism in plant propagation material in the European Union. Field experiments were conducted to assess the risks for infection of strawberry plants through dispersal of an aerosolized inoculum. In practic...

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Autores principales: van der Wolf, J. M., Evenhuis, A., Kastelein, P., Krijger, M. C., Funke, V. Z., van den Berg, W., Moene, A. F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Netherlands 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6404663/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30930545
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-018-1513-9
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author van der Wolf, J. M.
Evenhuis, A.
Kastelein, P.
Krijger, M. C.
Funke, V. Z.
van den Berg, W.
Moene, A. F.
author_facet van der Wolf, J. M.
Evenhuis, A.
Kastelein, P.
Krijger, M. C.
Funke, V. Z.
van den Berg, W.
Moene, A. F.
author_sort van der Wolf, J. M.
collection PubMed
description Xanthomonas fragariae is the causative agent of angular leaf spot of strawberry, a quarantine organism in plant propagation material in the European Union. Field experiments were conducted to assess the risks for infection of strawberry plants through dispersal of an aerosolized inoculum. In practice, pathogen aerosols can be formed during mowing of an infected crop or by water splashing on symptomatic plants during overhead irrigation or rain. In our experiments, aerosols were generated by spraying suspensions of X. fragariae with a density of 10(8) cfu ml(−1) or water under pressure vertically up into the air. In strawberry plants (cv Elsanta) placed at 1.3, 5 and 10 m distance downwind from the spray boom, infections were found, as evidenced with a combination of dilution–plating and molecular techniques, but more frequently in plants wetted prior to inoculation than in plants kept dry. A logarithmic decrease in infection incidence was found with the distance to the inoculum source. Symptomatic plants were found up to 5 m distance from the inoculum source. No infected plants were found in plants placed 4 m upwind or treated with water. In glasshouse studies, it was shown that under conditions favorable for disease development, spray-inoculation of strawberry plants with estimated densities of X. fragariae as low as 2000 cfu per plant were able to cause symptoms both in cv Elsanta and cv Sonata. Results indicate that there is a considerable risk on infections of strawberry plants exposed to aerosolized inoculum.
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spelling pubmed-64046632019-03-27 Risks for infection of strawberry plants with an aerosolized inoculum of Xanthomonas fragariae van der Wolf, J. M. Evenhuis, A. Kastelein, P. Krijger, M. C. Funke, V. Z. van den Berg, W. Moene, A. F. Eur J Plant Pathol Article Xanthomonas fragariae is the causative agent of angular leaf spot of strawberry, a quarantine organism in plant propagation material in the European Union. Field experiments were conducted to assess the risks for infection of strawberry plants through dispersal of an aerosolized inoculum. In practice, pathogen aerosols can be formed during mowing of an infected crop or by water splashing on symptomatic plants during overhead irrigation or rain. In our experiments, aerosols were generated by spraying suspensions of X. fragariae with a density of 10(8) cfu ml(−1) or water under pressure vertically up into the air. In strawberry plants (cv Elsanta) placed at 1.3, 5 and 10 m distance downwind from the spray boom, infections were found, as evidenced with a combination of dilution–plating and molecular techniques, but more frequently in plants wetted prior to inoculation than in plants kept dry. A logarithmic decrease in infection incidence was found with the distance to the inoculum source. Symptomatic plants were found up to 5 m distance from the inoculum source. No infected plants were found in plants placed 4 m upwind or treated with water. In glasshouse studies, it was shown that under conditions favorable for disease development, spray-inoculation of strawberry plants with estimated densities of X. fragariae as low as 2000 cfu per plant were able to cause symptoms both in cv Elsanta and cv Sonata. Results indicate that there is a considerable risk on infections of strawberry plants exposed to aerosolized inoculum. Springer Netherlands 2018-05-31 2018 /pmc/articles/PMC6404663/ /pubmed/30930545 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-018-1513-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
spellingShingle Article
van der Wolf, J. M.
Evenhuis, A.
Kastelein, P.
Krijger, M. C.
Funke, V. Z.
van den Berg, W.
Moene, A. F.
Risks for infection of strawberry plants with an aerosolized inoculum of Xanthomonas fragariae
title Risks for infection of strawberry plants with an aerosolized inoculum of Xanthomonas fragariae
title_full Risks for infection of strawberry plants with an aerosolized inoculum of Xanthomonas fragariae
title_fullStr Risks for infection of strawberry plants with an aerosolized inoculum of Xanthomonas fragariae
title_full_unstemmed Risks for infection of strawberry plants with an aerosolized inoculum of Xanthomonas fragariae
title_short Risks for infection of strawberry plants with an aerosolized inoculum of Xanthomonas fragariae
title_sort risks for infection of strawberry plants with an aerosolized inoculum of xanthomonas fragariae
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6404663/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30930545
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10658-018-1513-9
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