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Natural Selection Equally Supports the Human Tendencies in Subordination and Domination: A Genome-Wide Study With in silico Confirmation and in vivo Validation in Mice

We proposed the following heuristic decision-making rule: “IF {an excess of a protein relating to the nervous system is an experimentally known physiological marker of low pain sensitivity, fast postinjury recovery, or aggressive, risk/novelty-seeking, anesthetic-like, or similar agonistic-intoleran...

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Autores principales: Chadaeva, Irina, Ponomarenko, Petr, Rasskazov, Dmitry, Sharypova, Ekaterina, Kashina, Elena, Kleshchev, Maxim, Ponomarenko, Mikhail, Naumenko, Vladimir, Savinkova, Ludmila, Kolchanov, Nikolay, Osadchuk, Ludmila, Osadchuk, Alexandr
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6404730/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30873204
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.00073
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author Chadaeva, Irina
Ponomarenko, Petr
Rasskazov, Dmitry
Sharypova, Ekaterina
Kashina, Elena
Kleshchev, Maxim
Ponomarenko, Mikhail
Naumenko, Vladimir
Savinkova, Ludmila
Kolchanov, Nikolay
Osadchuk, Ludmila
Osadchuk, Alexandr
author_facet Chadaeva, Irina
Ponomarenko, Petr
Rasskazov, Dmitry
Sharypova, Ekaterina
Kashina, Elena
Kleshchev, Maxim
Ponomarenko, Mikhail
Naumenko, Vladimir
Savinkova, Ludmila
Kolchanov, Nikolay
Osadchuk, Ludmila
Osadchuk, Alexandr
author_sort Chadaeva, Irina
collection PubMed
description We proposed the following heuristic decision-making rule: “IF {an excess of a protein relating to the nervous system is an experimentally known physiological marker of low pain sensitivity, fast postinjury recovery, or aggressive, risk/novelty-seeking, anesthetic-like, or similar agonistic-intolerant behavior} AND IF {a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) causes overexpression of the gene encoding this protein} THEN {this SNP can be a SNP marker of the tendency in dominance} WHILE {underexpression corresponds to subordination} AND vice versa.” Using this decision-making rule, we analyzed 231 human genes of neuropeptidergic, non-neuropeptidergic, and neurotrophinergic systems that encode neurotrophic and growth factors, interleukins, neurotransmitters, receptors, transporters, and enzymes. These proteins are known as key factors of human social behavior. We analyzed all the 5,052 SNPs within the 70 bp promoter region upstream of the position where the protein-coding transcript starts, which were retrieved from databases Ensembl and dbSNP using our previously created public Web service SNP_TATA_Comparator (http://beehive.bionet.nsc.ru/cgi-bin/mgs/tatascan/start.pl). This definition of the promoter region includes all TATA-binding protein (TBP)-binding sites. A total of 556 and 552 candidate SNP markers contributing to the dominance and the subordination, respectively, were uncovered. On this basis, we determined that 231 human genes under study are subject to natural selection against underexpression (significance p < 0.0005), which equally supports the human tendencies in domination and subordination such as the norm of a reaction (plasticity) of the human social hierarchy. These findings explain vertical transmission of domination and subordination traits previously observed in rodent models. Thus, the results of this study equally support both sides of the century-old unsettled scientific debate on whether both aggressiveness and the social hierarchy among humans are inherited (as suggested by Freud and Lorenz) or are due to non-genetic social education, when the children are influenced by older individuals across generations (as proposed by Berkowitz and Fromm).
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spelling pubmed-64047302019-03-14 Natural Selection Equally Supports the Human Tendencies in Subordination and Domination: A Genome-Wide Study With in silico Confirmation and in vivo Validation in Mice Chadaeva, Irina Ponomarenko, Petr Rasskazov, Dmitry Sharypova, Ekaterina Kashina, Elena Kleshchev, Maxim Ponomarenko, Mikhail Naumenko, Vladimir Savinkova, Ludmila Kolchanov, Nikolay Osadchuk, Ludmila Osadchuk, Alexandr Front Genet Genetics We proposed the following heuristic decision-making rule: “IF {an excess of a protein relating to the nervous system is an experimentally known physiological marker of low pain sensitivity, fast postinjury recovery, or aggressive, risk/novelty-seeking, anesthetic-like, or similar agonistic-intolerant behavior} AND IF {a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) causes overexpression of the gene encoding this protein} THEN {this SNP can be a SNP marker of the tendency in dominance} WHILE {underexpression corresponds to subordination} AND vice versa.” Using this decision-making rule, we analyzed 231 human genes of neuropeptidergic, non-neuropeptidergic, and neurotrophinergic systems that encode neurotrophic and growth factors, interleukins, neurotransmitters, receptors, transporters, and enzymes. These proteins are known as key factors of human social behavior. We analyzed all the 5,052 SNPs within the 70 bp promoter region upstream of the position where the protein-coding transcript starts, which were retrieved from databases Ensembl and dbSNP using our previously created public Web service SNP_TATA_Comparator (http://beehive.bionet.nsc.ru/cgi-bin/mgs/tatascan/start.pl). This definition of the promoter region includes all TATA-binding protein (TBP)-binding sites. A total of 556 and 552 candidate SNP markers contributing to the dominance and the subordination, respectively, were uncovered. On this basis, we determined that 231 human genes under study are subject to natural selection against underexpression (significance p < 0.0005), which equally supports the human tendencies in domination and subordination such as the norm of a reaction (plasticity) of the human social hierarchy. These findings explain vertical transmission of domination and subordination traits previously observed in rodent models. Thus, the results of this study equally support both sides of the century-old unsettled scientific debate on whether both aggressiveness and the social hierarchy among humans are inherited (as suggested by Freud and Lorenz) or are due to non-genetic social education, when the children are influenced by older individuals across generations (as proposed by Berkowitz and Fromm). Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-02-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6404730/ /pubmed/30873204 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.00073 Text en Copyright © 2019 Chadaeva, Ponomarenko, Rasskazov, Sharypova, Kashina, Kleshchev, Ponomarenko, Naumenko, Savinkova, Kolchanov, Osadchuk and Osadchuk. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Genetics
Chadaeva, Irina
Ponomarenko, Petr
Rasskazov, Dmitry
Sharypova, Ekaterina
Kashina, Elena
Kleshchev, Maxim
Ponomarenko, Mikhail
Naumenko, Vladimir
Savinkova, Ludmila
Kolchanov, Nikolay
Osadchuk, Ludmila
Osadchuk, Alexandr
Natural Selection Equally Supports the Human Tendencies in Subordination and Domination: A Genome-Wide Study With in silico Confirmation and in vivo Validation in Mice
title Natural Selection Equally Supports the Human Tendencies in Subordination and Domination: A Genome-Wide Study With in silico Confirmation and in vivo Validation in Mice
title_full Natural Selection Equally Supports the Human Tendencies in Subordination and Domination: A Genome-Wide Study With in silico Confirmation and in vivo Validation in Mice
title_fullStr Natural Selection Equally Supports the Human Tendencies in Subordination and Domination: A Genome-Wide Study With in silico Confirmation and in vivo Validation in Mice
title_full_unstemmed Natural Selection Equally Supports the Human Tendencies in Subordination and Domination: A Genome-Wide Study With in silico Confirmation and in vivo Validation in Mice
title_short Natural Selection Equally Supports the Human Tendencies in Subordination and Domination: A Genome-Wide Study With in silico Confirmation and in vivo Validation in Mice
title_sort natural selection equally supports the human tendencies in subordination and domination: a genome-wide study with in silico confirmation and in vivo validation in mice
topic Genetics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6404730/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30873204
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.00073
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