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Computational elucidation of the effects induced by music making

Music making, in the form of free improvisations, is a common technique in music therapy, used to express one’s feelings or ideas in the non-verbal language of music. In the broader sense, arts therapies, and music therapy in particular, are used to induce therapeutic and psychosocial effects, and t...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Sandak, Billie, Cohen, Shai, Gilboa, Avi, Harel, David
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6405055/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30845183
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213247
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author Sandak, Billie
Cohen, Shai
Gilboa, Avi
Harel, David
author_facet Sandak, Billie
Cohen, Shai
Gilboa, Avi
Harel, David
author_sort Sandak, Billie
collection PubMed
description Music making, in the form of free improvisations, is a common technique in music therapy, used to express one’s feelings or ideas in the non-verbal language of music. In the broader sense, arts therapies, and music therapy in particular, are used to induce therapeutic and psychosocial effects, and to help mitigate symptoms in serious and chronic diseases. They are also used to empower the wellbeing and quality of life for both healthy individuals and patients. However, much research is still required to understand how music-based and arts-based approaches work, and to eventually enhance their effectivity. The clinical setting employing the arts constitutes a rich dynamic environment of occurrences that is difficult to capture, being driven by complex, simultaneous, and interwoven behavioral processes. Our computational paradigm is designed to allow substantial barriers in the arts-based fields to be overcome by enabling the rigorous and quantitative tracking, analyzing and documenting of the underlying dynamic processes. Here we expand the method for the music modality and apply it in a proof of principle experimentation to study expressive behavioral effects of diverse musical improvisation tasks on individuals and collectives. We have obtained statistically significant results that include empirical expressive patterns of feelings, as well as proficiency, gender and age behavioral differences, which point to variation factors of these categorized collectives in music making. Our results also suggest that males are more exploratory than females (e.g., they exhibit a larger range of octaves and intensity) and that the older people express musical characterized negativity more than younger ones (e.g., exhibiting larger note clusters and more chromatic transitions). We discuss implications of these findings to music therapy, such as behavioral diversity causality in treatment, as well as future scientific and clinical applications of the methodology.
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spelling pubmed-64050552019-03-17 Computational elucidation of the effects induced by music making Sandak, Billie Cohen, Shai Gilboa, Avi Harel, David PLoS One Research Article Music making, in the form of free improvisations, is a common technique in music therapy, used to express one’s feelings or ideas in the non-verbal language of music. In the broader sense, arts therapies, and music therapy in particular, are used to induce therapeutic and psychosocial effects, and to help mitigate symptoms in serious and chronic diseases. They are also used to empower the wellbeing and quality of life for both healthy individuals and patients. However, much research is still required to understand how music-based and arts-based approaches work, and to eventually enhance their effectivity. The clinical setting employing the arts constitutes a rich dynamic environment of occurrences that is difficult to capture, being driven by complex, simultaneous, and interwoven behavioral processes. Our computational paradigm is designed to allow substantial barriers in the arts-based fields to be overcome by enabling the rigorous and quantitative tracking, analyzing and documenting of the underlying dynamic processes. Here we expand the method for the music modality and apply it in a proof of principle experimentation to study expressive behavioral effects of diverse musical improvisation tasks on individuals and collectives. We have obtained statistically significant results that include empirical expressive patterns of feelings, as well as proficiency, gender and age behavioral differences, which point to variation factors of these categorized collectives in music making. Our results also suggest that males are more exploratory than females (e.g., they exhibit a larger range of octaves and intensity) and that the older people express musical characterized negativity more than younger ones (e.g., exhibiting larger note clusters and more chromatic transitions). We discuss implications of these findings to music therapy, such as behavioral diversity causality in treatment, as well as future scientific and clinical applications of the methodology. Public Library of Science 2019-03-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6405055/ /pubmed/30845183 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213247 Text en © 2019 Sandak et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Sandak, Billie
Cohen, Shai
Gilboa, Avi
Harel, David
Computational elucidation of the effects induced by music making
title Computational elucidation of the effects induced by music making
title_full Computational elucidation of the effects induced by music making
title_fullStr Computational elucidation of the effects induced by music making
title_full_unstemmed Computational elucidation of the effects induced by music making
title_short Computational elucidation of the effects induced by music making
title_sort computational elucidation of the effects induced by music making
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6405055/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30845183
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213247
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