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Flow Dynamics and Contaminant Transport in Y-Shaped River Channel Confluences

River channel confluences are widespread in natural rivers. Understanding their unique hydrodynamic characteristics and contaminant transport rules may facilitate the rational and effective treatment of the water environment. In this study, we considered the Xitiaoxi River Basin as the research area...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Liu, Xiaodong, Li, Lingqi, Hua, Zulin, Tu, Qile, Yang, Ting, Zhang, Yuan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6406630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30781476
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040572
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author Liu, Xiaodong
Li, Lingqi
Hua, Zulin
Tu, Qile
Yang, Ting
Zhang, Yuan
author_facet Liu, Xiaodong
Li, Lingqi
Hua, Zulin
Tu, Qile
Yang, Ting
Zhang, Yuan
author_sort Liu, Xiaodong
collection PubMed
description River channel confluences are widespread in natural rivers. Understanding their unique hydrodynamic characteristics and contaminant transport rules may facilitate the rational and effective treatment of the water environment. In this study, we considered the Xitiaoxi River Basin as the research area, and a well-designed flume was established based on the extracted water system features. Hydrodynamically, in the Y-shaped confluence channel the flow velocity was easy to separate at the confluence, and a low flow velocity region appeared in the two branches. The spiral flow mainly flowed counterclockwise to the downstream region and the spiral trend increased as the discharge ratio decreased. The spiral flow and its effect on the transport and blending of contaminants were distinct between Y-shaped and asymmetrical river confluences. Based on the flow dynamics test, a set of pollutant discharge devices and a multi-point electrolytic conductivity meter were employed to research the mixing rule for pollutants. A high concentration zone for pollutants was likely to occur near the intersection, and the contaminant concentration band after the confluence was first compressed and then diffused. In particular, line source discharge in the left branch and the point source discharge in the inner bank of the left branch and in the outer bank of the right branch were dominant, and were conducive to the detection and treatment of pollutants.
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spelling pubmed-64066302019-03-21 Flow Dynamics and Contaminant Transport in Y-Shaped River Channel Confluences Liu, Xiaodong Li, Lingqi Hua, Zulin Tu, Qile Yang, Ting Zhang, Yuan Int J Environ Res Public Health Article River channel confluences are widespread in natural rivers. Understanding their unique hydrodynamic characteristics and contaminant transport rules may facilitate the rational and effective treatment of the water environment. In this study, we considered the Xitiaoxi River Basin as the research area, and a well-designed flume was established based on the extracted water system features. Hydrodynamically, in the Y-shaped confluence channel the flow velocity was easy to separate at the confluence, and a low flow velocity region appeared in the two branches. The spiral flow mainly flowed counterclockwise to the downstream region and the spiral trend increased as the discharge ratio decreased. The spiral flow and its effect on the transport and blending of contaminants were distinct between Y-shaped and asymmetrical river confluences. Based on the flow dynamics test, a set of pollutant discharge devices and a multi-point electrolytic conductivity meter were employed to research the mixing rule for pollutants. A high concentration zone for pollutants was likely to occur near the intersection, and the contaminant concentration band after the confluence was first compressed and then diffused. In particular, line source discharge in the left branch and the point source discharge in the inner bank of the left branch and in the outer bank of the right branch were dominant, and were conducive to the detection and treatment of pollutants. MDPI 2019-02-16 2019-02 /pmc/articles/PMC6406630/ /pubmed/30781476 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040572 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Liu, Xiaodong
Li, Lingqi
Hua, Zulin
Tu, Qile
Yang, Ting
Zhang, Yuan
Flow Dynamics and Contaminant Transport in Y-Shaped River Channel Confluences
title Flow Dynamics and Contaminant Transport in Y-Shaped River Channel Confluences
title_full Flow Dynamics and Contaminant Transport in Y-Shaped River Channel Confluences
title_fullStr Flow Dynamics and Contaminant Transport in Y-Shaped River Channel Confluences
title_full_unstemmed Flow Dynamics and Contaminant Transport in Y-Shaped River Channel Confluences
title_short Flow Dynamics and Contaminant Transport in Y-Shaped River Channel Confluences
title_sort flow dynamics and contaminant transport in y-shaped river channel confluences
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6406630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30781476
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040572
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