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Design and Validation with Influenza A Virus of an Aerosol Transmission Chamber for Ferrets

Background: The importance of aerosols in the spread of viruses like influenza is still a subject of debate. Indeed, most viruses can also be transmitted through direct contact and droplets. Therefore, the importance of the airborne route in a clinical context is difficult to determine. The aim of t...

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Autores principales: Turgeon, Nathalie, Hamelin, Marie-Ève, Verreault, Daniel, Lévesque, Ariane, Rhéaume, Chantal, Carbonneau, Julie, Checkmahomed, Liva, Girard, Matthieu, Boivin, Guy, Duchaine, Caroline
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6406687/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30791478
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040609
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author Turgeon, Nathalie
Hamelin, Marie-Ève
Verreault, Daniel
Lévesque, Ariane
Rhéaume, Chantal
Carbonneau, Julie
Checkmahomed, Liva
Girard, Matthieu
Boivin, Guy
Duchaine, Caroline
author_facet Turgeon, Nathalie
Hamelin, Marie-Ève
Verreault, Daniel
Lévesque, Ariane
Rhéaume, Chantal
Carbonneau, Julie
Checkmahomed, Liva
Girard, Matthieu
Boivin, Guy
Duchaine, Caroline
author_sort Turgeon, Nathalie
collection PubMed
description Background: The importance of aerosols in the spread of viruses like influenza is still a subject of debate. Indeed, most viruses can also be transmitted through direct contact and droplets. Therefore, the importance of the airborne route in a clinical context is difficult to determine. The aim of this study was to design a chamber system to study the airborne transmission of viruses between ferrets. Methods: A system composed of three chambers connected in series, each one housing one ferret and preventing direct contact, was designed. The chambers were designed to house the ferrets for several days and to study the transmission of viruses from an infected (index) ferret to two naïve ferrets via aerosols and droplets or aerosols only. A particle separator was designed that can be used to modulate the size of the particles traveling between the chambers. The chamber system was validated using standard dust as well as with ferrets infected with influenza A virus. Conclusions: The 50% efficiency cut-off of the separator could be modulated between a 5-µm and an 8-µm aerodynamic diameter. In the described setup, influenza A virus was transmitted through the aerosol route in two out of three experiments, and through aerosols and droplets in all three experiments.
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spelling pubmed-64066872019-03-21 Design and Validation with Influenza A Virus of an Aerosol Transmission Chamber for Ferrets Turgeon, Nathalie Hamelin, Marie-Ève Verreault, Daniel Lévesque, Ariane Rhéaume, Chantal Carbonneau, Julie Checkmahomed, Liva Girard, Matthieu Boivin, Guy Duchaine, Caroline Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Background: The importance of aerosols in the spread of viruses like influenza is still a subject of debate. Indeed, most viruses can also be transmitted through direct contact and droplets. Therefore, the importance of the airborne route in a clinical context is difficult to determine. The aim of this study was to design a chamber system to study the airborne transmission of viruses between ferrets. Methods: A system composed of three chambers connected in series, each one housing one ferret and preventing direct contact, was designed. The chambers were designed to house the ferrets for several days and to study the transmission of viruses from an infected (index) ferret to two naïve ferrets via aerosols and droplets or aerosols only. A particle separator was designed that can be used to modulate the size of the particles traveling between the chambers. The chamber system was validated using standard dust as well as with ferrets infected with influenza A virus. Conclusions: The 50% efficiency cut-off of the separator could be modulated between a 5-µm and an 8-µm aerodynamic diameter. In the described setup, influenza A virus was transmitted through the aerosol route in two out of three experiments, and through aerosols and droplets in all three experiments. MDPI 2019-02-19 2019-02 /pmc/articles/PMC6406687/ /pubmed/30791478 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040609 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Turgeon, Nathalie
Hamelin, Marie-Ève
Verreault, Daniel
Lévesque, Ariane
Rhéaume, Chantal
Carbonneau, Julie
Checkmahomed, Liva
Girard, Matthieu
Boivin, Guy
Duchaine, Caroline
Design and Validation with Influenza A Virus of an Aerosol Transmission Chamber for Ferrets
title Design and Validation with Influenza A Virus of an Aerosol Transmission Chamber for Ferrets
title_full Design and Validation with Influenza A Virus of an Aerosol Transmission Chamber for Ferrets
title_fullStr Design and Validation with Influenza A Virus of an Aerosol Transmission Chamber for Ferrets
title_full_unstemmed Design and Validation with Influenza A Virus of an Aerosol Transmission Chamber for Ferrets
title_short Design and Validation with Influenza A Virus of an Aerosol Transmission Chamber for Ferrets
title_sort design and validation with influenza a virus of an aerosol transmission chamber for ferrets
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6406687/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30791478
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16040609
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