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Phosphatases in Mitosis: Roles and Regulation

Mitosis requires extensive rearrangement of cellular architecture and of subcellular structures so that replicated chromosomes can bind correctly to spindle microtubules and segregate towards opposite poles. This process originates two new daughter nuclei with equal genetic content and relies on hig...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Moura, Margarida, Conde, Carlos
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6406801/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30736436
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9020055
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author Moura, Margarida
Conde, Carlos
author_facet Moura, Margarida
Conde, Carlos
author_sort Moura, Margarida
collection PubMed
description Mitosis requires extensive rearrangement of cellular architecture and of subcellular structures so that replicated chromosomes can bind correctly to spindle microtubules and segregate towards opposite poles. This process originates two new daughter nuclei with equal genetic content and relies on highly-dynamic and tightly regulated phosphorylation of numerous cell cycle proteins. A burst in protein phosphorylation orchestrated by several conserved kinases occurs as cells go into and progress through mitosis. The opposing dephosphorylation events are catalyzed by a small set of protein phosphatases, whose importance for the accuracy of mitosis is becoming increasingly appreciated. This review will focus on the established and emerging roles of mitotic phosphatases, describe their structural and biochemical properties, and discuss recent advances in understanding the regulation of phosphatase activity and function.
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spelling pubmed-64068012019-03-13 Phosphatases in Mitosis: Roles and Regulation Moura, Margarida Conde, Carlos Biomolecules Review Mitosis requires extensive rearrangement of cellular architecture and of subcellular structures so that replicated chromosomes can bind correctly to spindle microtubules and segregate towards opposite poles. This process originates two new daughter nuclei with equal genetic content and relies on highly-dynamic and tightly regulated phosphorylation of numerous cell cycle proteins. A burst in protein phosphorylation orchestrated by several conserved kinases occurs as cells go into and progress through mitosis. The opposing dephosphorylation events are catalyzed by a small set of protein phosphatases, whose importance for the accuracy of mitosis is becoming increasingly appreciated. This review will focus on the established and emerging roles of mitotic phosphatases, describe their structural and biochemical properties, and discuss recent advances in understanding the regulation of phosphatase activity and function. MDPI 2019-02-07 /pmc/articles/PMC6406801/ /pubmed/30736436 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9020055 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Moura, Margarida
Conde, Carlos
Phosphatases in Mitosis: Roles and Regulation
title Phosphatases in Mitosis: Roles and Regulation
title_full Phosphatases in Mitosis: Roles and Regulation
title_fullStr Phosphatases in Mitosis: Roles and Regulation
title_full_unstemmed Phosphatases in Mitosis: Roles and Regulation
title_short Phosphatases in Mitosis: Roles and Regulation
title_sort phosphatases in mitosis: roles and regulation
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6406801/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30736436
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9020055
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