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Dietary Fiber and Intestinal Health of Monogastric Animals

Animal performance, feed efficiency, and overall health are heavily dependent on gut health. Changes in animal production systems and feed regulations away from the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) have necessitated the identification of strategies to optimize gut health in novel and effecti...

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Autores principales: Jha, Rajesh, Fouhse, Janelle M., Tiwari, Utsav P., Li, Linge, Willing, Benjamin P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6409295/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30886850
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00048
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author Jha, Rajesh
Fouhse, Janelle M.
Tiwari, Utsav P.
Li, Linge
Willing, Benjamin P.
author_facet Jha, Rajesh
Fouhse, Janelle M.
Tiwari, Utsav P.
Li, Linge
Willing, Benjamin P.
author_sort Jha, Rajesh
collection PubMed
description Animal performance, feed efficiency, and overall health are heavily dependent on gut health. Changes in animal production systems and feed regulations away from the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) have necessitated the identification of strategies to optimize gut health in novel and effective ways. Among alternatives to AGP, the inclusion of dietary fibers (DF) in monogastric diets has been attempted with some success. Alternative feedstuffs and coproducts are typically rich in fiber and can be used in the diets to reduce feed costs and optimize gut health. DF are naturally occurring compounds with a diverse composition and are present in all plant-based feedstuffs. DF stimulate the growth of health-promoting gut bacteria, are fermented in the distal small intestine and large intestine to short-chain fatty acids and have beneficial effects on the immune system. Maternal DF supplementation is one novel strategy suggested to have a beneficial programming effect on the microbial and immune development of their offspring. One mechanism by which DF improves gut health is through maintenance of an anaerobic intestinal environment that subsequently prevents facultative anaerobic pathogens from flourishing. Studies with pigs and poultry have shown that fermentation characteristics and their beneficial effects on gut health vary widely based on type, form, and the physico-chemical properties of the DF. Therefore, it is important to have information on the different types of DF and their role in optimizing gut health. This review will provide information and updates on different types of DF used in monogastric nutrition and its contribution to gut health including microbiology, fermentation characteristics, and innate and adaptive immune responses.
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spelling pubmed-64092952019-03-18 Dietary Fiber and Intestinal Health of Monogastric Animals Jha, Rajesh Fouhse, Janelle M. Tiwari, Utsav P. Li, Linge Willing, Benjamin P. Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Animal performance, feed efficiency, and overall health are heavily dependent on gut health. Changes in animal production systems and feed regulations away from the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) have necessitated the identification of strategies to optimize gut health in novel and effective ways. Among alternatives to AGP, the inclusion of dietary fibers (DF) in monogastric diets has been attempted with some success. Alternative feedstuffs and coproducts are typically rich in fiber and can be used in the diets to reduce feed costs and optimize gut health. DF are naturally occurring compounds with a diverse composition and are present in all plant-based feedstuffs. DF stimulate the growth of health-promoting gut bacteria, are fermented in the distal small intestine and large intestine to short-chain fatty acids and have beneficial effects on the immune system. Maternal DF supplementation is one novel strategy suggested to have a beneficial programming effect on the microbial and immune development of their offspring. One mechanism by which DF improves gut health is through maintenance of an anaerobic intestinal environment that subsequently prevents facultative anaerobic pathogens from flourishing. Studies with pigs and poultry have shown that fermentation characteristics and their beneficial effects on gut health vary widely based on type, form, and the physico-chemical properties of the DF. Therefore, it is important to have information on the different types of DF and their role in optimizing gut health. This review will provide information and updates on different types of DF used in monogastric nutrition and its contribution to gut health including microbiology, fermentation characteristics, and innate and adaptive immune responses. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6409295/ /pubmed/30886850 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00048 Text en Copyright © 2019 Jha, Fouhse, Tiwari, Li and Willing. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Jha, Rajesh
Fouhse, Janelle M.
Tiwari, Utsav P.
Li, Linge
Willing, Benjamin P.
Dietary Fiber and Intestinal Health of Monogastric Animals
title Dietary Fiber and Intestinal Health of Monogastric Animals
title_full Dietary Fiber and Intestinal Health of Monogastric Animals
title_fullStr Dietary Fiber and Intestinal Health of Monogastric Animals
title_full_unstemmed Dietary Fiber and Intestinal Health of Monogastric Animals
title_short Dietary Fiber and Intestinal Health of Monogastric Animals
title_sort dietary fiber and intestinal health of monogastric animals
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6409295/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30886850
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00048
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