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Complexities of Type I Interferon Biology: Lessons from LCMV

Over the past decades, infection of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) has provided an invaluable insight into our understanding of immune responses to viruses. In particular, this model has clarified the central roles that type I interferons play in initiating and regulating host r...

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Autores principales: Suprunenko, Tamara, Hofer, Markus J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6409748/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30791575
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11020172
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author Suprunenko, Tamara
Hofer, Markus J.
author_facet Suprunenko, Tamara
Hofer, Markus J.
author_sort Suprunenko, Tamara
collection PubMed
description Over the past decades, infection of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) has provided an invaluable insight into our understanding of immune responses to viruses. In particular, this model has clarified the central roles that type I interferons play in initiating and regulating host responses. The use of different strains of LCMV and routes of infection has allowed us to understand how type I interferons are critical in controlling virus replication and fostering effective antiviral immunity, but also how they promote virus persistence and functional exhaustion of the immune response. Accordingly, these discoveries have formed the foundation for the development of novel treatments for acute and chronic viral infections and even extend into the management of malignant tumors. Here we review the fundamental insights into type I interferon biology gained using LCMV as a model and how the diversity of LCMV strains, dose, and route of administration have been used to dissect the molecular mechanisms underpinning acute versus persistent infection. We also identify gaps in the knowledge regarding LCMV regulation of antiviral immunity. Due to its unique properties, LCMV will continue to remain a vital part of the immunologists’ toolbox.
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spelling pubmed-64097482019-04-01 Complexities of Type I Interferon Biology: Lessons from LCMV Suprunenko, Tamara Hofer, Markus J. Viruses Review Over the past decades, infection of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) has provided an invaluable insight into our understanding of immune responses to viruses. In particular, this model has clarified the central roles that type I interferons play in initiating and regulating host responses. The use of different strains of LCMV and routes of infection has allowed us to understand how type I interferons are critical in controlling virus replication and fostering effective antiviral immunity, but also how they promote virus persistence and functional exhaustion of the immune response. Accordingly, these discoveries have formed the foundation for the development of novel treatments for acute and chronic viral infections and even extend into the management of malignant tumors. Here we review the fundamental insights into type I interferon biology gained using LCMV as a model and how the diversity of LCMV strains, dose, and route of administration have been used to dissect the molecular mechanisms underpinning acute versus persistent infection. We also identify gaps in the knowledge regarding LCMV regulation of antiviral immunity. Due to its unique properties, LCMV will continue to remain a vital part of the immunologists’ toolbox. MDPI 2019-02-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6409748/ /pubmed/30791575 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11020172 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Suprunenko, Tamara
Hofer, Markus J.
Complexities of Type I Interferon Biology: Lessons from LCMV
title Complexities of Type I Interferon Biology: Lessons from LCMV
title_full Complexities of Type I Interferon Biology: Lessons from LCMV
title_fullStr Complexities of Type I Interferon Biology: Lessons from LCMV
title_full_unstemmed Complexities of Type I Interferon Biology: Lessons from LCMV
title_short Complexities of Type I Interferon Biology: Lessons from LCMV
title_sort complexities of type i interferon biology: lessons from lcmv
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6409748/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30791575
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11020172
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