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A 24 h Age Difference Causes Twice as Much Gene Expression Divergence as 100 Generations of Adaptation to a Novel Environment
Gene expression profiling is one of the most reliable high-throughput phenotyping methods, allowing researchers to quantify the transcript abundance of expressed genes. Because many biotic and abiotic factors influence gene expression, it is recommended to control them as tightly as possible. Here,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6410183/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30696109 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10020089 |
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author | Hsu, Sheng-Kai Jakšić, Ana Marija Nolte, Viola Barghi, Neda Mallard, François Otte, Kathrin A. Schlötterer, Christian |
author_facet | Hsu, Sheng-Kai Jakšić, Ana Marija Nolte, Viola Barghi, Neda Mallard, François Otte, Kathrin A. Schlötterer, Christian |
author_sort | Hsu, Sheng-Kai |
collection | PubMed |
description | Gene expression profiling is one of the most reliable high-throughput phenotyping methods, allowing researchers to quantify the transcript abundance of expressed genes. Because many biotic and abiotic factors influence gene expression, it is recommended to control them as tightly as possible. Here, we show that a 24 h age difference of Drosophila simulans females that were subjected to RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) five and six days after eclosure resulted in more than 2000 differentially expressed genes. This is twice the number of genes that changed expression during 100 generations of evolution in a novel hot laboratory environment. Importantly, most of the genes differing in expression due to age introduce false positives or negatives if an adaptive gene expression analysis is not controlled for age. Our results indicate that tightly controlled experimental conditions, including precise developmental staging, are needed for reliable gene expression analyses, in particular in an evolutionary framework. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6410183 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64101832019-03-26 A 24 h Age Difference Causes Twice as Much Gene Expression Divergence as 100 Generations of Adaptation to a Novel Environment Hsu, Sheng-Kai Jakšić, Ana Marija Nolte, Viola Barghi, Neda Mallard, François Otte, Kathrin A. Schlötterer, Christian Genes (Basel) Article Gene expression profiling is one of the most reliable high-throughput phenotyping methods, allowing researchers to quantify the transcript abundance of expressed genes. Because many biotic and abiotic factors influence gene expression, it is recommended to control them as tightly as possible. Here, we show that a 24 h age difference of Drosophila simulans females that were subjected to RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) five and six days after eclosure resulted in more than 2000 differentially expressed genes. This is twice the number of genes that changed expression during 100 generations of evolution in a novel hot laboratory environment. Importantly, most of the genes differing in expression due to age introduce false positives or negatives if an adaptive gene expression analysis is not controlled for age. Our results indicate that tightly controlled experimental conditions, including precise developmental staging, are needed for reliable gene expression analyses, in particular in an evolutionary framework. MDPI 2019-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6410183/ /pubmed/30696109 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10020089 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hsu, Sheng-Kai Jakšić, Ana Marija Nolte, Viola Barghi, Neda Mallard, François Otte, Kathrin A. Schlötterer, Christian A 24 h Age Difference Causes Twice as Much Gene Expression Divergence as 100 Generations of Adaptation to a Novel Environment |
title | A 24 h Age Difference Causes Twice as Much Gene Expression Divergence as 100 Generations of Adaptation to a Novel Environment |
title_full | A 24 h Age Difference Causes Twice as Much Gene Expression Divergence as 100 Generations of Adaptation to a Novel Environment |
title_fullStr | A 24 h Age Difference Causes Twice as Much Gene Expression Divergence as 100 Generations of Adaptation to a Novel Environment |
title_full_unstemmed | A 24 h Age Difference Causes Twice as Much Gene Expression Divergence as 100 Generations of Adaptation to a Novel Environment |
title_short | A 24 h Age Difference Causes Twice as Much Gene Expression Divergence as 100 Generations of Adaptation to a Novel Environment |
title_sort | 24 h age difference causes twice as much gene expression divergence as 100 generations of adaptation to a novel environment |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6410183/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30696109 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10020089 |
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