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Racial and Income Disparities in Health-Related Quality of Life among Smokers with a Quit Attempt in Louisiana

Background and objectives: Smoking is associated with a lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL). However, there is little information about the association between HRQOL in relation to race, income, and smoking status. The present study aimed to assess the association between HRQOL and smoking...

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Autores principales: Kao, Yu-Hsiang, Celestin, Michael D., Yu, Qingzhao, Moody-Thomas, Sarah, Jones-Winn, Krysten, Tseng, Tung-Sung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6410197/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30781893
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55020048
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author Kao, Yu-Hsiang
Celestin, Michael D.
Yu, Qingzhao
Moody-Thomas, Sarah
Jones-Winn, Krysten
Tseng, Tung-Sung
author_facet Kao, Yu-Hsiang
Celestin, Michael D.
Yu, Qingzhao
Moody-Thomas, Sarah
Jones-Winn, Krysten
Tseng, Tung-Sung
author_sort Kao, Yu-Hsiang
collection PubMed
description Background and objectives: Smoking is associated with a lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL). However, there is little information about the association between HRQOL in relation to race, income, and smoking status. The present study aimed to assess the association between HRQOL and smoking status for those of different races and income levels. Materials and Methods: This study applied a cross-sectional design using data from the 2017 patient survey of the Louisiana Tobacco Control Initiative. We obtained 1108 responses from patients at eight Louisiana public hospitals. The EuroQol (EQ-5D) US index score assessed HRQOL. Smoking status was classified into four groups: never smoked, former smoker, current smoker with a quit attempt, and current smoker without a quit attempt. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to estimate the HRQOL for black or African Americans and whites. Results: The patients were predominantly black or African American (58.9%) with lower-income (71.2%). Bivariate analyses showed that there were differences in income levels between black or African Americans and whites (p = 0.006). Moreover, black or African Americans (median = 0.80) had a higher mean of HRQOL than whites (median = 0.76). Among lower-income black or African Americans, current smokers with a quit attempt had a lower HRQOL than current smokers (coefficient = −0.12; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Racial and income disparities were evident with regards to HRQOL, with lower-income black or African Americans who were current smokers with a quit attempt having a lower HRQOL. Intervention programs for smoking cessation should target lower-income black or African American smokers who have a prior quit attempt and provide effective cessation services to help them quit smoking and improve their HRQOL.
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spelling pubmed-64101972019-03-25 Racial and Income Disparities in Health-Related Quality of Life among Smokers with a Quit Attempt in Louisiana Kao, Yu-Hsiang Celestin, Michael D. Yu, Qingzhao Moody-Thomas, Sarah Jones-Winn, Krysten Tseng, Tung-Sung Medicina (Kaunas) Article Background and objectives: Smoking is associated with a lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL). However, there is little information about the association between HRQOL in relation to race, income, and smoking status. The present study aimed to assess the association between HRQOL and smoking status for those of different races and income levels. Materials and Methods: This study applied a cross-sectional design using data from the 2017 patient survey of the Louisiana Tobacco Control Initiative. We obtained 1108 responses from patients at eight Louisiana public hospitals. The EuroQol (EQ-5D) US index score assessed HRQOL. Smoking status was classified into four groups: never smoked, former smoker, current smoker with a quit attempt, and current smoker without a quit attempt. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to estimate the HRQOL for black or African Americans and whites. Results: The patients were predominantly black or African American (58.9%) with lower-income (71.2%). Bivariate analyses showed that there were differences in income levels between black or African Americans and whites (p = 0.006). Moreover, black or African Americans (median = 0.80) had a higher mean of HRQOL than whites (median = 0.76). Among lower-income black or African Americans, current smokers with a quit attempt had a lower HRQOL than current smokers (coefficient = −0.12; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Racial and income disparities were evident with regards to HRQOL, with lower-income black or African Americans who were current smokers with a quit attempt having a lower HRQOL. Intervention programs for smoking cessation should target lower-income black or African American smokers who have a prior quit attempt and provide effective cessation services to help them quit smoking and improve their HRQOL. MDPI 2019-02-13 /pmc/articles/PMC6410197/ /pubmed/30781893 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55020048 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kao, Yu-Hsiang
Celestin, Michael D.
Yu, Qingzhao
Moody-Thomas, Sarah
Jones-Winn, Krysten
Tseng, Tung-Sung
Racial and Income Disparities in Health-Related Quality of Life among Smokers with a Quit Attempt in Louisiana
title Racial and Income Disparities in Health-Related Quality of Life among Smokers with a Quit Attempt in Louisiana
title_full Racial and Income Disparities in Health-Related Quality of Life among Smokers with a Quit Attempt in Louisiana
title_fullStr Racial and Income Disparities in Health-Related Quality of Life among Smokers with a Quit Attempt in Louisiana
title_full_unstemmed Racial and Income Disparities in Health-Related Quality of Life among Smokers with a Quit Attempt in Louisiana
title_short Racial and Income Disparities in Health-Related Quality of Life among Smokers with a Quit Attempt in Louisiana
title_sort racial and income disparities in health-related quality of life among smokers with a quit attempt in louisiana
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6410197/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30781893
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina55020048
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