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Pancreatic Progenitors and Organoids as a Prerequisite to Model Pancreatic Diseases and Cancer
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are characterized by their unique capacity to stepwise differentiate towards any particular cell type in an adult organism. Pluripotent stem cells provide a beneficial platform to model hereditary diseases and even cancer develop...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6410438/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30930950 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9301382 |
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author | Hohwieler, Meike Müller, Martin Frappart, Pierre-Olivier Heller, Sandra |
author_facet | Hohwieler, Meike Müller, Martin Frappart, Pierre-Olivier Heller, Sandra |
author_sort | Hohwieler, Meike |
collection | PubMed |
description | Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are characterized by their unique capacity to stepwise differentiate towards any particular cell type in an adult organism. Pluripotent stem cells provide a beneficial platform to model hereditary diseases and even cancer development. While the incidence of pancreatic diseases such as diabetes and pancreatitis is increasing, the understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of particular diseases remains limited. Only a few recent publications have contributed to the characterization of human pancreatic development in the fetal stage. Hence, most knowledge of pancreatic specification is based on murine embryology. Optimizing and understanding current in vitro protocols for pancreatic differentiation of ESCs and iPSCs constitutes a prerequisite to generate functional pancreatic cells for better disease modeling and drug discovery. Moreover, human pancreatic organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells, organ-restricted stem cells, and tumor samples provide a powerful technology to model carcinogenesis and hereditary diseases independent of genetically engineered mouse models. Herein, we summarize recent advances in directed differentiation of pancreatic organoids comprising endocrine cell types. Beyond that, we illustrate up-and-coming applications for organoid-based platforms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6410438 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Hindawi |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64104382019-03-31 Pancreatic Progenitors and Organoids as a Prerequisite to Model Pancreatic Diseases and Cancer Hohwieler, Meike Müller, Martin Frappart, Pierre-Olivier Heller, Sandra Stem Cells Int Review Article Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are characterized by their unique capacity to stepwise differentiate towards any particular cell type in an adult organism. Pluripotent stem cells provide a beneficial platform to model hereditary diseases and even cancer development. While the incidence of pancreatic diseases such as diabetes and pancreatitis is increasing, the understanding of the underlying pathogenesis of particular diseases remains limited. Only a few recent publications have contributed to the characterization of human pancreatic development in the fetal stage. Hence, most knowledge of pancreatic specification is based on murine embryology. Optimizing and understanding current in vitro protocols for pancreatic differentiation of ESCs and iPSCs constitutes a prerequisite to generate functional pancreatic cells for better disease modeling and drug discovery. Moreover, human pancreatic organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells, organ-restricted stem cells, and tumor samples provide a powerful technology to model carcinogenesis and hereditary diseases independent of genetically engineered mouse models. Herein, we summarize recent advances in directed differentiation of pancreatic organoids comprising endocrine cell types. Beyond that, we illustrate up-and-coming applications for organoid-based platforms. Hindawi 2019-02-25 /pmc/articles/PMC6410438/ /pubmed/30930950 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9301382 Text en Copyright © 2019 Meike Hohwieler et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Hohwieler, Meike Müller, Martin Frappart, Pierre-Olivier Heller, Sandra Pancreatic Progenitors and Organoids as a Prerequisite to Model Pancreatic Diseases and Cancer |
title | Pancreatic Progenitors and Organoids as a Prerequisite to Model Pancreatic Diseases and Cancer |
title_full | Pancreatic Progenitors and Organoids as a Prerequisite to Model Pancreatic Diseases and Cancer |
title_fullStr | Pancreatic Progenitors and Organoids as a Prerequisite to Model Pancreatic Diseases and Cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Pancreatic Progenitors and Organoids as a Prerequisite to Model Pancreatic Diseases and Cancer |
title_short | Pancreatic Progenitors and Organoids as a Prerequisite to Model Pancreatic Diseases and Cancer |
title_sort | pancreatic progenitors and organoids as a prerequisite to model pancreatic diseases and cancer |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6410438/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30930950 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9301382 |
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