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The use of intravesical BCG in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder

The high recurrence and progression rates of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) have led investigators to study the use of intravesical therapy in order to prevent them. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) has been successfully used for this indication to treat NMIBC for more than four decades. B...

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Autores principales: Alhunaidi, Omar, Zlotta, Alexandre R
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cancer Intelligence 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6411413/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30915163
http://dx.doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2019.905
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author Alhunaidi, Omar
Zlotta, Alexandre R
author_facet Alhunaidi, Omar
Zlotta, Alexandre R
author_sort Alhunaidi, Omar
collection PubMed
description The high recurrence and progression rates of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) have led investigators to study the use of intravesical therapy in order to prevent them. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) has been successfully used for this indication to treat NMIBC for more than four decades. BCG is the only intravesical agent shown to reduce the risk of progression of NMIBC to muscle-invasive disease. Despite over 40 years of clinical use, the precise mechanism of action for what has often been considered the most successful cancer immunotherapy in humans remains largely unknown. Unfortunately, BCG therapy is not a universal panacea and it still fails in up to 40% of patients. Many of these patients, especially in the high-risk category (T1 high-grade disease, carcinoma in situ) will require aggressive therapy like cystectomy or in selected cases, bladder-sparing options like chemo-radiation. Indeed, there is no gold standard intravesical treatment after BCG failure.
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spelling pubmed-64114132019-03-26 The use of intravesical BCG in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder Alhunaidi, Omar Zlotta, Alexandre R Ecancermedicalscience Review The high recurrence and progression rates of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) have led investigators to study the use of intravesical therapy in order to prevent them. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) has been successfully used for this indication to treat NMIBC for more than four decades. BCG is the only intravesical agent shown to reduce the risk of progression of NMIBC to muscle-invasive disease. Despite over 40 years of clinical use, the precise mechanism of action for what has often been considered the most successful cancer immunotherapy in humans remains largely unknown. Unfortunately, BCG therapy is not a universal panacea and it still fails in up to 40% of patients. Many of these patients, especially in the high-risk category (T1 high-grade disease, carcinoma in situ) will require aggressive therapy like cystectomy or in selected cases, bladder-sparing options like chemo-radiation. Indeed, there is no gold standard intravesical treatment after BCG failure. Cancer Intelligence 2019-02-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6411413/ /pubmed/30915163 http://dx.doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2019.905 Text en © the authors; licensee ecancermedicalscience. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Alhunaidi, Omar
Zlotta, Alexandre R
The use of intravesical BCG in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
title The use of intravesical BCG in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
title_full The use of intravesical BCG in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
title_fullStr The use of intravesical BCG in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
title_full_unstemmed The use of intravesical BCG in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
title_short The use of intravesical BCG in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
title_sort use of intravesical bcg in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6411413/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30915163
http://dx.doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2019.905
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