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Small Molecule Inhibitors Specifically Targeting the Type III Secretion System of Xanthomonas oryzae on Rice
The initiative strategy for the development of novel anti-microbial agents usually uses the virulence factors of bacteria as a target, without affecting their growth and survival. The type III secretion system (T3SS), one of the essential virulence factors in most Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria b...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6412923/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30813400 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040971 |
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author | Tao, Hui Fan, Su-Su Jiang, Shan Xiang, Xuwen Yan, Xiaojing Zhang, Lian-Hui Cui, Zi-Ning |
author_facet | Tao, Hui Fan, Su-Su Jiang, Shan Xiang, Xuwen Yan, Xiaojing Zhang, Lian-Hui Cui, Zi-Ning |
author_sort | Tao, Hui |
collection | PubMed |
description | The initiative strategy for the development of novel anti-microbial agents usually uses the virulence factors of bacteria as a target, without affecting their growth and survival. The type III secretion system (T3SS), one of the essential virulence factors in most Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria because of its highly conserved construct, has been regarded as an effective target that developed new anti-microbial drugs. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes leaf blight diseases and is one of the most important pathogens on rice. To find potential anti-virulence agents against this pathogen, a number of natural compounds were screened for their effects on the T3SS of Xoo. Three of 34 compounds significantly inhibited the promoter activity of the harpin gene, hpa1, and were further checked for their impact on bacterial growth and on the hypersensitive response (HR) caused by Xoo on non-host tobacco plants. The results indicated that treatment of Xoo with CZ-1, CZ-4 and CZ-9 resulted in an obviously attenuated HR without affecting bacterial growth and survival. Moreover, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that the expression of the Xoo T3SS was suppressed by treatment with the three inhibitors. The mRNA levels of representative genes in the hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (hrp) cluster, as well as the regulatory genes hrpG and hrpX, were reduced. Finally, the in vivo test demonstrated that the compounds could reduce the disease symptoms of Xoo on the rice cultivar (Oryza sativa) IR24. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6412923 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64129232019-03-29 Small Molecule Inhibitors Specifically Targeting the Type III Secretion System of Xanthomonas oryzae on Rice Tao, Hui Fan, Su-Su Jiang, Shan Xiang, Xuwen Yan, Xiaojing Zhang, Lian-Hui Cui, Zi-Ning Int J Mol Sci Article The initiative strategy for the development of novel anti-microbial agents usually uses the virulence factors of bacteria as a target, without affecting their growth and survival. The type III secretion system (T3SS), one of the essential virulence factors in most Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria because of its highly conserved construct, has been regarded as an effective target that developed new anti-microbial drugs. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes leaf blight diseases and is one of the most important pathogens on rice. To find potential anti-virulence agents against this pathogen, a number of natural compounds were screened for their effects on the T3SS of Xoo. Three of 34 compounds significantly inhibited the promoter activity of the harpin gene, hpa1, and were further checked for their impact on bacterial growth and on the hypersensitive response (HR) caused by Xoo on non-host tobacco plants. The results indicated that treatment of Xoo with CZ-1, CZ-4 and CZ-9 resulted in an obviously attenuated HR without affecting bacterial growth and survival. Moreover, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that the expression of the Xoo T3SS was suppressed by treatment with the three inhibitors. The mRNA levels of representative genes in the hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (hrp) cluster, as well as the regulatory genes hrpG and hrpX, were reduced. Finally, the in vivo test demonstrated that the compounds could reduce the disease symptoms of Xoo on the rice cultivar (Oryza sativa) IR24. MDPI 2019-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC6412923/ /pubmed/30813400 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040971 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Tao, Hui Fan, Su-Su Jiang, Shan Xiang, Xuwen Yan, Xiaojing Zhang, Lian-Hui Cui, Zi-Ning Small Molecule Inhibitors Specifically Targeting the Type III Secretion System of Xanthomonas oryzae on Rice |
title | Small Molecule Inhibitors Specifically Targeting the Type III Secretion System of Xanthomonas oryzae on Rice |
title_full | Small Molecule Inhibitors Specifically Targeting the Type III Secretion System of Xanthomonas oryzae on Rice |
title_fullStr | Small Molecule Inhibitors Specifically Targeting the Type III Secretion System of Xanthomonas oryzae on Rice |
title_full_unstemmed | Small Molecule Inhibitors Specifically Targeting the Type III Secretion System of Xanthomonas oryzae on Rice |
title_short | Small Molecule Inhibitors Specifically Targeting the Type III Secretion System of Xanthomonas oryzae on Rice |
title_sort | small molecule inhibitors specifically targeting the type iii secretion system of xanthomonas oryzae on rice |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6412923/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30813400 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20040971 |
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