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Impact of Maternal Nutrition and Perinatal Factors on Breast Milk Composition after Premature Delivery
(1) Background: Premature infants require mothers’ milk fortification to meet nutrition needs, but breast milk composition may be variable, leading to the risk of inadequate nutrition. We aimed at determining the factors influencing mothers’ milk macronutrients. (2) Methods: Milk samples were analyz...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6413091/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30744155 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11020366 |
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author | Hascoët, Jean-Michel Chauvin, Martine Pierret, Christine Skweres, Sébastien Van Egroo, Louis-Dominique Rougé, Carole Franck, Patricia |
author_facet | Hascoët, Jean-Michel Chauvin, Martine Pierret, Christine Skweres, Sébastien Van Egroo, Louis-Dominique Rougé, Carole Franck, Patricia |
author_sort | Hascoët, Jean-Michel |
collection | PubMed |
description | (1) Background: Premature infants require mothers’ milk fortification to meet nutrition needs, but breast milk composition may be variable, leading to the risk of inadequate nutrition. We aimed at determining the factors influencing mothers’ milk macronutrients. (2) Methods: Milk samples were analyzed for the first five weeks after premature delivery by infrared spectroscopy. Mothers’ nutritional intake data were obtained during standardized interviews with dieticians, and then analyzed with reference software. (3) Results: The composition of 367 milk samples from 81 mothers was (median (range) g/100 mL): carbohydrates 6.8 (4.4–7.3), lipids 3.4 (1.3–6.4), proteins 1.3 (0.1–3.1). There was a relationship between milk composition and mothers’ carbohydrates intake only (r = 0.164; p < 0.01). Postnatal age was correlated with milk proteins (r = −0.505; p < 0.001) and carbohydrates (r = +0.202, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analyses showed (coefficient) a relationship between milk proteins r = 0.547 and postnatal age (−0.028), carbohydrate intake (+0.449), and the absence of maturation (−0.066); associations were also found among milk lipids r = 0.295, carbohydrate intake (+1.279), and smoking (−0.557). Finally, there was a relationship among the concentration of milk carbohydrates r = 0.266, postnatal age (+0.012), and smoking (−0.167). (4) Conclusions: The variability of mothers’ milk composition is differentially associated for each macronutrient with maternal carbohydrate intake, antenatal steroids, smoking, and postnatal age. Improvement in milk composition could be achieved by the modification of these related factors. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6413091 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64130912019-04-09 Impact of Maternal Nutrition and Perinatal Factors on Breast Milk Composition after Premature Delivery Hascoët, Jean-Michel Chauvin, Martine Pierret, Christine Skweres, Sébastien Van Egroo, Louis-Dominique Rougé, Carole Franck, Patricia Nutrients Article (1) Background: Premature infants require mothers’ milk fortification to meet nutrition needs, but breast milk composition may be variable, leading to the risk of inadequate nutrition. We aimed at determining the factors influencing mothers’ milk macronutrients. (2) Methods: Milk samples were analyzed for the first five weeks after premature delivery by infrared spectroscopy. Mothers’ nutritional intake data were obtained during standardized interviews with dieticians, and then analyzed with reference software. (3) Results: The composition of 367 milk samples from 81 mothers was (median (range) g/100 mL): carbohydrates 6.8 (4.4–7.3), lipids 3.4 (1.3–6.4), proteins 1.3 (0.1–3.1). There was a relationship between milk composition and mothers’ carbohydrates intake only (r = 0.164; p < 0.01). Postnatal age was correlated with milk proteins (r = −0.505; p < 0.001) and carbohydrates (r = +0.202, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analyses showed (coefficient) a relationship between milk proteins r = 0.547 and postnatal age (−0.028), carbohydrate intake (+0.449), and the absence of maturation (−0.066); associations were also found among milk lipids r = 0.295, carbohydrate intake (+1.279), and smoking (−0.557). Finally, there was a relationship among the concentration of milk carbohydrates r = 0.266, postnatal age (+0.012), and smoking (−0.167). (4) Conclusions: The variability of mothers’ milk composition is differentially associated for each macronutrient with maternal carbohydrate intake, antenatal steroids, smoking, and postnatal age. Improvement in milk composition could be achieved by the modification of these related factors. MDPI 2019-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6413091/ /pubmed/30744155 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11020366 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hascoët, Jean-Michel Chauvin, Martine Pierret, Christine Skweres, Sébastien Van Egroo, Louis-Dominique Rougé, Carole Franck, Patricia Impact of Maternal Nutrition and Perinatal Factors on Breast Milk Composition after Premature Delivery |
title | Impact of Maternal Nutrition and Perinatal Factors on Breast Milk Composition after Premature Delivery |
title_full | Impact of Maternal Nutrition and Perinatal Factors on Breast Milk Composition after Premature Delivery |
title_fullStr | Impact of Maternal Nutrition and Perinatal Factors on Breast Milk Composition after Premature Delivery |
title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Maternal Nutrition and Perinatal Factors on Breast Milk Composition after Premature Delivery |
title_short | Impact of Maternal Nutrition and Perinatal Factors on Breast Milk Composition after Premature Delivery |
title_sort | impact of maternal nutrition and perinatal factors on breast milk composition after premature delivery |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6413091/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30744155 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11020366 |
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