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Agricultural trade policies and child nutrition in low- and middle-income countries: a cross-national analysis

BACKGROUND: There has been growing interest in understanding the role of agricultural trade policies in diet and nutrition. This cross-country study examines associations between government policies on agricultural trade prices and child nutrition outcomes, particularly undernutrition. METHODS: This...

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Autores principales: Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui, Vollmer, Sebastian, Avendano, Mauricio, Harttgen, Kenneth
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6420724/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30876446
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12992-019-0463-0
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author Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui
Vollmer, Sebastian
Avendano, Mauricio
Harttgen, Kenneth
author_facet Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui
Vollmer, Sebastian
Avendano, Mauricio
Harttgen, Kenneth
author_sort Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: There has been growing interest in understanding the role of agricultural trade policies in diet and nutrition. This cross-country study examines associations between government policies on agricultural trade prices and child nutrition outcomes, particularly undernutrition. METHODS: This study links panel data on government distortions to agricultural incentives to data from 212,258 children aged 6 to 35 months participating in Demographic and Health Surveys from 22 countries between 1991 and 2010. Country fixed-effects regression models were used to examine the association between within-country changes in nominal rates of assistance to tradable agriculture (government price distortions as a percentage of original prices) and child nutritional outcomes (height-for-age, weight-for-age, and weight-for-height Z-scores) while controlling for a range of time-varying country covariates. RESULTS: Five-year average nominal rates of assistance to tradable agriculture ranged from − 72.0 to 45.5% with a mean of − 5.0% and standard deviation of 18.9 percentage points. A 10-percentage point increase in five-year average rates of assistance to tradable agriculture was associated with improved height-for-age (0.02, 95% CI,0.00–0.05) and weight-for-age (0.05, 95% CI: 0.02–0.09) Z-scores. Improvements in nutritional status were greatest among children who had at least one parent earning wages in agriculture, and effects decreased as a country’s proportion of tradable agriculture increased, particularly for weight-for-age Z-scores. CONCLUSIONS: Government assistance to tradable agriculture, such as through reduced taxation, was associated with small but significant improvements in child nutritional status, especially for children with a parent earning wages in agriculture when the share of tradable agriculture was not high. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12992-019-0463-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-64207242019-03-28 Agricultural trade policies and child nutrition in low- and middle-income countries: a cross-national analysis Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui Vollmer, Sebastian Avendano, Mauricio Harttgen, Kenneth Global Health Research BACKGROUND: There has been growing interest in understanding the role of agricultural trade policies in diet and nutrition. This cross-country study examines associations between government policies on agricultural trade prices and child nutrition outcomes, particularly undernutrition. METHODS: This study links panel data on government distortions to agricultural incentives to data from 212,258 children aged 6 to 35 months participating in Demographic and Health Surveys from 22 countries between 1991 and 2010. Country fixed-effects regression models were used to examine the association between within-country changes in nominal rates of assistance to tradable agriculture (government price distortions as a percentage of original prices) and child nutritional outcomes (height-for-age, weight-for-age, and weight-for-height Z-scores) while controlling for a range of time-varying country covariates. RESULTS: Five-year average nominal rates of assistance to tradable agriculture ranged from − 72.0 to 45.5% with a mean of − 5.0% and standard deviation of 18.9 percentage points. A 10-percentage point increase in five-year average rates of assistance to tradable agriculture was associated with improved height-for-age (0.02, 95% CI,0.00–0.05) and weight-for-age (0.05, 95% CI: 0.02–0.09) Z-scores. Improvements in nutritional status were greatest among children who had at least one parent earning wages in agriculture, and effects decreased as a country’s proportion of tradable agriculture increased, particularly for weight-for-age Z-scores. CONCLUSIONS: Government assistance to tradable agriculture, such as through reduced taxation, was associated with small but significant improvements in child nutritional status, especially for children with a parent earning wages in agriculture when the share of tradable agriculture was not high. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12992-019-0463-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2019-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6420724/ /pubmed/30876446 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12992-019-0463-0 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Adjaye-Gbewonyo, Kafui
Vollmer, Sebastian
Avendano, Mauricio
Harttgen, Kenneth
Agricultural trade policies and child nutrition in low- and middle-income countries: a cross-national analysis
title Agricultural trade policies and child nutrition in low- and middle-income countries: a cross-national analysis
title_full Agricultural trade policies and child nutrition in low- and middle-income countries: a cross-national analysis
title_fullStr Agricultural trade policies and child nutrition in low- and middle-income countries: a cross-national analysis
title_full_unstemmed Agricultural trade policies and child nutrition in low- and middle-income countries: a cross-national analysis
title_short Agricultural trade policies and child nutrition in low- and middle-income countries: a cross-national analysis
title_sort agricultural trade policies and child nutrition in low- and middle-income countries: a cross-national analysis
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6420724/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30876446
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12992-019-0463-0
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