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Changes in Vitamin D Status in Overweight Middle-Aged Adults with or without Impaired Glucose Metabolism in Two Consecutive Nordic Summers

BACKGROUND: Sun exposure is the main driver of vitamin D synthesis. High latitude, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are all risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. However, the seasonal variation in vitamin D concentrations (25[OH]D) in such populations before and after sun exposure durin...

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Autores principales: Lundström, Petra, Caidahl, Kenneth, Eriksson, Maria J., Fritz, Tomas, Krook, Anna, Zierath, Juleen R., Rickenlund, Anette
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6421780/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30944737
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1840374
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author Lundström, Petra
Caidahl, Kenneth
Eriksson, Maria J.
Fritz, Tomas
Krook, Anna
Zierath, Juleen R.
Rickenlund, Anette
author_facet Lundström, Petra
Caidahl, Kenneth
Eriksson, Maria J.
Fritz, Tomas
Krook, Anna
Zierath, Juleen R.
Rickenlund, Anette
author_sort Lundström, Petra
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Sun exposure is the main driver of vitamin D synthesis. High latitude, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are all risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. However, the seasonal variation in vitamin D concentrations (25[OH]D) in such populations before and after sun exposure during the summer is unknown. Therefore, we investigated 25[OH]D status before and after two consecutive summers in high latitude and its associations with body fat, sex, and glucose metabolism. METHODS: 158 participants from Sweden (87 women, 71 men; mean age, 60 ± 5 y; body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m(2)) and 25[OH]D were measured and evaluated in relation to normal or impaired glucose tolerance, body composition, and dietary habits during summer season. RESULTS: Eighty-four percent of the participants were categorized with low to deficient 25[OH]D values before summer (55.1 ± 21.7 nmol·L(−1)), with a significant increase after the summer season (66.3 ± 21.0 nmol·L(−1); P < 0.001). However, the values remained below the recommended range (76–250 nmol·L(−1)) in 66% of the participants. These findings were verified in a subgroup of the study population during the subsequent summer. Participants who reported use of vitamin D supplements had higher initial concentrations (64.2 ± 20.1 nmol·L(−1)) compared to nonusers (53.7 ± 21.7 nmol·L(−1); P=0.04). Further, 25[OH]D values correlated negatively with fat mass (kg) prior to summer only in the female population (r=−0.29,  P=0.008). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, sun exposure had a beneficial but insufficient effect on 25[OH]D levels, and the same levels were documented in two consecutive summer seasons, confirming that vitamin D supplementation in both summer and winter should be considered in this population.
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spelling pubmed-64217802019-04-03 Changes in Vitamin D Status in Overweight Middle-Aged Adults with or without Impaired Glucose Metabolism in Two Consecutive Nordic Summers Lundström, Petra Caidahl, Kenneth Eriksson, Maria J. Fritz, Tomas Krook, Anna Zierath, Juleen R. Rickenlund, Anette J Nutr Metab Research Article BACKGROUND: Sun exposure is the main driver of vitamin D synthesis. High latitude, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are all risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. However, the seasonal variation in vitamin D concentrations (25[OH]D) in such populations before and after sun exposure during the summer is unknown. Therefore, we investigated 25[OH]D status before and after two consecutive summers in high latitude and its associations with body fat, sex, and glucose metabolism. METHODS: 158 participants from Sweden (87 women, 71 men; mean age, 60 ± 5 y; body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m(2)) and 25[OH]D were measured and evaluated in relation to normal or impaired glucose tolerance, body composition, and dietary habits during summer season. RESULTS: Eighty-four percent of the participants were categorized with low to deficient 25[OH]D values before summer (55.1 ± 21.7 nmol·L(−1)), with a significant increase after the summer season (66.3 ± 21.0 nmol·L(−1); P < 0.001). However, the values remained below the recommended range (76–250 nmol·L(−1)) in 66% of the participants. These findings were verified in a subgroup of the study population during the subsequent summer. Participants who reported use of vitamin D supplements had higher initial concentrations (64.2 ± 20.1 nmol·L(−1)) compared to nonusers (53.7 ± 21.7 nmol·L(−1); P=0.04). Further, 25[OH]D values correlated negatively with fat mass (kg) prior to summer only in the female population (r=−0.29,  P=0.008). CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, sun exposure had a beneficial but insufficient effect on 25[OH]D levels, and the same levels were documented in two consecutive summer seasons, confirming that vitamin D supplementation in both summer and winter should be considered in this population. Hindawi 2019-03-03 /pmc/articles/PMC6421780/ /pubmed/30944737 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1840374 Text en Copyright © 2019 Petra Lundström et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Lundström, Petra
Caidahl, Kenneth
Eriksson, Maria J.
Fritz, Tomas
Krook, Anna
Zierath, Juleen R.
Rickenlund, Anette
Changes in Vitamin D Status in Overweight Middle-Aged Adults with or without Impaired Glucose Metabolism in Two Consecutive Nordic Summers
title Changes in Vitamin D Status in Overweight Middle-Aged Adults with or without Impaired Glucose Metabolism in Two Consecutive Nordic Summers
title_full Changes in Vitamin D Status in Overweight Middle-Aged Adults with or without Impaired Glucose Metabolism in Two Consecutive Nordic Summers
title_fullStr Changes in Vitamin D Status in Overweight Middle-Aged Adults with or without Impaired Glucose Metabolism in Two Consecutive Nordic Summers
title_full_unstemmed Changes in Vitamin D Status in Overweight Middle-Aged Adults with or without Impaired Glucose Metabolism in Two Consecutive Nordic Summers
title_short Changes in Vitamin D Status in Overweight Middle-Aged Adults with or without Impaired Glucose Metabolism in Two Consecutive Nordic Summers
title_sort changes in vitamin d status in overweight middle-aged adults with or without impaired glucose metabolism in two consecutive nordic summers
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6421780/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30944737
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1840374
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