Computed Tomography Dose in Paediatric Care: Simple Dose Estimation Using Dose Length Product Conversion Coefficients

BACKGROUND: The use of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) is increasing worldwide; at the same time, there is a growing awareness of the future risk of cancer associated with greater exposure to radiation. Therefore, there is a need for an accessible method of effective dose estimation. This study aims to estimate the effective doses (EDs) of a variety of paediatric computed tomography (CT) examinations in five age groups using recently published age- and region-specific dose length products (DLPs) as effective dose conversion coefficients. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed over a 12-month period. Patients were assigned to one of five age groups: neonatal, 1-, 5-, 10- and 15-years-old. Age- and region-specific conversion coefficients were applied to the DLP data displayed on the CT console in order to estimate the ED. RESULTS: Over the 12-month period, there were a total of 283 CT scans, 211 of which were selected for study. The ED estimates for plain CT brain scans in neonatal, 1-, 5-, 10- and 15-yearolds were 2.5, 1.5, 1.4, 1.3 and 0.8 mSv, respectively. For the corresponding CT abdominal scans, the results were 18.8, 12.9, 7.8, 8.6 and 7.5 mSv; these were the highest values recorded. High-resolution CT (HRCT) temporal scans showed EDs of 2.9, 1.8, 1.5 and 1.1 mSv in 1-, 5-, 10- and 15-years-old, respectively. CT scans of the helical thorax had an estimated ED of 4.8, 4.2 and 7.0 mSv in 5-, 10- and 15-years-old, respectively. CONCLUSION: An inverse relationship between age and effective dose was demonstrated in CT scans of the brain and abdomen/pelvis. In general, our study showed lower overall EDs compared to other centres.