Influence of Lifestyle Factors on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Pregnant Women in Indore City

BACKGROUND: Lifestyle factors affect the periodontal and oral hygiene status and, thus, may affect the Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in pregnant women. Thus, the aim of the study was to assess the OHRQoL and determine its relationship with lifestyle and other factors in pregnant women in Indore city. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 400 pregnant women who were selected using stratified random sampling technique from eight private maternity centers located in Indore city. A questionnaire collected information on socio-demographic characteristics, oral hygiene practices, previous dental visit and past medical history. OHRQ(O)L was assessed using Oral Health Impact Profile-14 questionnaire. Lifestyle factors were assessed using the Health practice Index. RESULTS: The lifestyle factors were the strongest predictor for poor OHRQ(O)L. The pregnant women (OR = 3.22, P-value < 0.0001*) with poor lifestyle had significantly poor OHRQ(O)L. Logistic regression analysis showed that poor socio-economic status (OR = 2.63, P-value = 0.025*), brushing frequency of less than or equal to once daily (OR = 2.02, P-value = 0.025*), and suffering from systemic diseases (OR = 2.11, P-value = 0.017*) were other important predictors for poor OHRQ(O)L in pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed that lifestyle factors significantly impact OHRQ(O)L in pregnant women. Thus, it is recommended that effective policies should be drafted to improve lifestyle factors and OHRQ(O)L in pregnant women.