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Expression and Roles of Teneurins in Zebrafish
The teneurins, also known as Ten-m/Odz, are highly conserved type II transmembrane glycoproteins widely expressed throughout the nervous system. Functioning as dimers, these large cell-surface adhesion proteins play a key role in regulating neurodevelopmental processes such as axon targeting, synapt...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6423166/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30914911 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00158 |
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author | Cheung, Angela Trevers, Katherine E. Reyes-Corral, Marta Antinucci, Paride Hindges, Robert |
author_facet | Cheung, Angela Trevers, Katherine E. Reyes-Corral, Marta Antinucci, Paride Hindges, Robert |
author_sort | Cheung, Angela |
collection | PubMed |
description | The teneurins, also known as Ten-m/Odz, are highly conserved type II transmembrane glycoproteins widely expressed throughout the nervous system. Functioning as dimers, these large cell-surface adhesion proteins play a key role in regulating neurodevelopmental processes such as axon targeting, synaptogenesis and neuronal wiring. Synaptic specificity is driven by molecular interactions, which can occur either in a trans-homophilic manner between teneurins or through a trans-heterophilic interaction across the synaptic cleft between teneurins and other cell-adhesion molecules, such as latrophilins. The significance of teneurins interactions during development is reflected in the widespread expression pattern of the four existing paralogs across interconnected regions of the nervous system, which we demonstrate here via in situ hybridization and the generation of transgenic BAC reporter lines in zebrafish. Focusing on the visual system, we will also highlight the recent developments that have been made in furthering our understanding of teneurin interactions and their functionality, including the instructive role of teneurin-3 in specifying the functional wiring of distinct amacrine and retinal ganglion cells in the vertebrate visual system underlying a particular functionality. Based on the distinct expression pattern of all teneurins in different retinal cells, it is conceivable that the combination of different teneurins is crucial for the generation of discrete visual circuits. Finally, mutations in all four human teneurin genes have been linked to several types of neurodevelopmental disorders. The opportunity therefore arises that findings about the roles of zebrafish teneurins or their orthologs in other species shed light on the molecular mechanisms in the etiology of such human disorders. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6423166 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64231662019-03-26 Expression and Roles of Teneurins in Zebrafish Cheung, Angela Trevers, Katherine E. Reyes-Corral, Marta Antinucci, Paride Hindges, Robert Front Neurosci Neuroscience The teneurins, also known as Ten-m/Odz, are highly conserved type II transmembrane glycoproteins widely expressed throughout the nervous system. Functioning as dimers, these large cell-surface adhesion proteins play a key role in regulating neurodevelopmental processes such as axon targeting, synaptogenesis and neuronal wiring. Synaptic specificity is driven by molecular interactions, which can occur either in a trans-homophilic manner between teneurins or through a trans-heterophilic interaction across the synaptic cleft between teneurins and other cell-adhesion molecules, such as latrophilins. The significance of teneurins interactions during development is reflected in the widespread expression pattern of the four existing paralogs across interconnected regions of the nervous system, which we demonstrate here via in situ hybridization and the generation of transgenic BAC reporter lines in zebrafish. Focusing on the visual system, we will also highlight the recent developments that have been made in furthering our understanding of teneurin interactions and their functionality, including the instructive role of teneurin-3 in specifying the functional wiring of distinct amacrine and retinal ganglion cells in the vertebrate visual system underlying a particular functionality. Based on the distinct expression pattern of all teneurins in different retinal cells, it is conceivable that the combination of different teneurins is crucial for the generation of discrete visual circuits. Finally, mutations in all four human teneurin genes have been linked to several types of neurodevelopmental disorders. The opportunity therefore arises that findings about the roles of zebrafish teneurins or their orthologs in other species shed light on the molecular mechanisms in the etiology of such human disorders. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-03-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6423166/ /pubmed/30914911 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00158 Text en Copyright © 2019 Cheung, Trevers, Reyes-Corral, Antinucci and Hindges. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Cheung, Angela Trevers, Katherine E. Reyes-Corral, Marta Antinucci, Paride Hindges, Robert Expression and Roles of Teneurins in Zebrafish |
title | Expression and Roles of Teneurins in Zebrafish |
title_full | Expression and Roles of Teneurins in Zebrafish |
title_fullStr | Expression and Roles of Teneurins in Zebrafish |
title_full_unstemmed | Expression and Roles of Teneurins in Zebrafish |
title_short | Expression and Roles of Teneurins in Zebrafish |
title_sort | expression and roles of teneurins in zebrafish |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6423166/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30914911 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2019.00158 |
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