Hydrogel-Based Sensors for Ethanol Detection in Alcoholic Beverages

A fast and reliable determination of the ethanol concentration is essential in the analysis of alcoholic beverages. However, different factors like pH value or salt concentration can influence the ethanol measurement. Furthermore, analytical figures of merit for the alcohol sensor, such as limit of detection, sensitivity and measurement uncertainty, are necessary for the application. In this paper, a detailed sensor characterization of a novel sensor based on ethanol-sensitive poly acrylamide hydrogels will be presented. The resulting swelling pressure of the hydrogel was transformed via a piezoresistive pressure sensor into a measurable output voltage. These kinds of sensors can be used over a large measuring range, up to 50 vol% ethanol and more, with a high sensitivity. In the range from pH 7.4 to 4, the pH value had no influence on the sensor signal. Higher salt concentrations can slightly influence the measurement. The detection limit amounts to 0.06–0.65 vol% ethanol. The concentration of a vodka sample was determined with a sufficient measuring uncertainty.