Hemi-Synthesis of Chiral Imine, Benzimidazole and Benzodiazepines from Essential Oil of Ammodaucus leucotrichus subsp. leucotrichus

The hemi-synthesis of chiral imine, benzimidazole and benzodiazepine structures is reported by the condensation of (S)-(−)-perillaldehyde, the major phytochemical of Ammodaucus leucotrichus subsp. leucotrichus essential oil, with different amine derivatives of 2,3-diaminomaleonitrile, o-phenylenediamine and 3-[(2-aminoaryl)amino]dimedone. The reaction proceeds in situ at ambient temperature without prior isolation of the natural (S)-(−)-perillaldehyde. Final products precipitate in the ethanolic reaction medium. 2D NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies were used to unequivocally characterize the structures in solution and in the solid state, respectively. Chiral HPLC analysis confirms the formation of unique enantiomers and diastereomeric mixtures.