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mTOR is a Key Protein Involved in the Metabolic Effects of Simple Sugars

One of the most important threats to global human health is the increasing incidences of metabolic pathologies (including obesity, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease), which is paralleled by increasing consumptions of hypercaloric diets enriched in simple sugars. The challenge is...

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Autores principales: Sangüesa, Gemma, Roglans, Núria, Baena, Miguel, Velázquez, Ana Magdalena, Laguna, Juan Carlos, Alegret, Marta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6429387/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30841536
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051117
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author Sangüesa, Gemma
Roglans, Núria
Baena, Miguel
Velázquez, Ana Magdalena
Laguna, Juan Carlos
Alegret, Marta
author_facet Sangüesa, Gemma
Roglans, Núria
Baena, Miguel
Velázquez, Ana Magdalena
Laguna, Juan Carlos
Alegret, Marta
author_sort Sangüesa, Gemma
collection PubMed
description One of the most important threats to global human health is the increasing incidences of metabolic pathologies (including obesity, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease), which is paralleled by increasing consumptions of hypercaloric diets enriched in simple sugars. The challenge is to identify the metabolic pathways affected by the excessive consumption of these dietary components when they are consumed in excess, to unravel the molecular mechanisms leading to metabolic pathologies and identify novel therapeutic targets to manage them. Mechanistic (mammalian) target of rapamycin (mTOR) has emerged as one of the key molecular nodes that integrate extracellular signals, such as energy status and nutrient availability, to trigger cell responses that could lead to the above-mentioned diseases through the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. By activating mTOR signalling, excessive consumption of simple sugars (such as fructose and glucose), could modulate hepatic gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis and fatty acid uptake and catabolism and thus lipid deposition in the liver. In the present review we will discuss some of the most recent studies showing the central role of mTOR in the metabolic effects of excessive simple sugar consumption.
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spelling pubmed-64293872019-04-10 mTOR is a Key Protein Involved in the Metabolic Effects of Simple Sugars Sangüesa, Gemma Roglans, Núria Baena, Miguel Velázquez, Ana Magdalena Laguna, Juan Carlos Alegret, Marta Int J Mol Sci Review One of the most important threats to global human health is the increasing incidences of metabolic pathologies (including obesity, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease), which is paralleled by increasing consumptions of hypercaloric diets enriched in simple sugars. The challenge is to identify the metabolic pathways affected by the excessive consumption of these dietary components when they are consumed in excess, to unravel the molecular mechanisms leading to metabolic pathologies and identify novel therapeutic targets to manage them. Mechanistic (mammalian) target of rapamycin (mTOR) has emerged as one of the key molecular nodes that integrate extracellular signals, such as energy status and nutrient availability, to trigger cell responses that could lead to the above-mentioned diseases through the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. By activating mTOR signalling, excessive consumption of simple sugars (such as fructose and glucose), could modulate hepatic gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis and fatty acid uptake and catabolism and thus lipid deposition in the liver. In the present review we will discuss some of the most recent studies showing the central role of mTOR in the metabolic effects of excessive simple sugar consumption. MDPI 2019-03-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6429387/ /pubmed/30841536 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051117 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Sangüesa, Gemma
Roglans, Núria
Baena, Miguel
Velázquez, Ana Magdalena
Laguna, Juan Carlos
Alegret, Marta
mTOR is a Key Protein Involved in the Metabolic Effects of Simple Sugars
title mTOR is a Key Protein Involved in the Metabolic Effects of Simple Sugars
title_full mTOR is a Key Protein Involved in the Metabolic Effects of Simple Sugars
title_fullStr mTOR is a Key Protein Involved in the Metabolic Effects of Simple Sugars
title_full_unstemmed mTOR is a Key Protein Involved in the Metabolic Effects of Simple Sugars
title_short mTOR is a Key Protein Involved in the Metabolic Effects of Simple Sugars
title_sort mtor is a key protein involved in the metabolic effects of simple sugars
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6429387/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30841536
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051117
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