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DNA Damage Stress: Cui Prodest?
DNA is an entity shielded by mechanisms that maintain genomic stability and are essential for living cells; however, DNA is constantly subject to assaults from the environment throughout the cellular life span, making the genome susceptible to mutation and irreparable damage. Cells are prepared to m...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6429504/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30832234 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051073 |
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author | Verma, Nagendra Franchitto, Matteo Zonfrilli, Azzurra Cialfi, Samantha Palermo, Rocco Talora, Claudio |
author_facet | Verma, Nagendra Franchitto, Matteo Zonfrilli, Azzurra Cialfi, Samantha Palermo, Rocco Talora, Claudio |
author_sort | Verma, Nagendra |
collection | PubMed |
description | DNA is an entity shielded by mechanisms that maintain genomic stability and are essential for living cells; however, DNA is constantly subject to assaults from the environment throughout the cellular life span, making the genome susceptible to mutation and irreparable damage. Cells are prepared to mend such events through cell death as an extrema ratio to solve those threats from a multicellular perspective. However, in cells under various stress conditions, checkpoint mechanisms are activated to allow cells to have enough time to repair the damaged DNA. In yeast, entry into the cell cycle when damage is not completely repaired represents an adaptive mechanism to cope with stressful conditions. In multicellular organisms, entry into cell cycle with damaged DNA is strictly forbidden. However, in cancer development, individual cells undergo checkpoint adaptation, in which most cells die, but some survive acquiring advantageous mutations and selfishly evolve a conflictual behavior. In this review, we focus on how, in cancer development, cells rely on checkpoint adaptation to escape DNA stress and ultimately to cell death. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6429504 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64295042019-04-10 DNA Damage Stress: Cui Prodest? Verma, Nagendra Franchitto, Matteo Zonfrilli, Azzurra Cialfi, Samantha Palermo, Rocco Talora, Claudio Int J Mol Sci Review DNA is an entity shielded by mechanisms that maintain genomic stability and are essential for living cells; however, DNA is constantly subject to assaults from the environment throughout the cellular life span, making the genome susceptible to mutation and irreparable damage. Cells are prepared to mend such events through cell death as an extrema ratio to solve those threats from a multicellular perspective. However, in cells under various stress conditions, checkpoint mechanisms are activated to allow cells to have enough time to repair the damaged DNA. In yeast, entry into the cell cycle when damage is not completely repaired represents an adaptive mechanism to cope with stressful conditions. In multicellular organisms, entry into cell cycle with damaged DNA is strictly forbidden. However, in cancer development, individual cells undergo checkpoint adaptation, in which most cells die, but some survive acquiring advantageous mutations and selfishly evolve a conflictual behavior. In this review, we focus on how, in cancer development, cells rely on checkpoint adaptation to escape DNA stress and ultimately to cell death. MDPI 2019-03-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6429504/ /pubmed/30832234 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051073 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Verma, Nagendra Franchitto, Matteo Zonfrilli, Azzurra Cialfi, Samantha Palermo, Rocco Talora, Claudio DNA Damage Stress: Cui Prodest? |
title | DNA Damage Stress: Cui Prodest? |
title_full | DNA Damage Stress: Cui Prodest? |
title_fullStr | DNA Damage Stress: Cui Prodest? |
title_full_unstemmed | DNA Damage Stress: Cui Prodest? |
title_short | DNA Damage Stress: Cui Prodest? |
title_sort | dna damage stress: cui prodest? |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6429504/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30832234 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051073 |
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