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Voluntary home and car smoke-free rules in Japan: a cross-sectional study in 2015
OBJECTIVES: Recently, the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly passed an ordinance prohibiting smoking in private homes and cars if children are present. However, no previous study has investigated existing, voluntary home and car smoke-free rules in Japan. Therefore, we examined prevalence and determinants...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6429848/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30842112 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024615 |
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author | Shojima, Kensaku Tabuchi, Takahiro |
author_facet | Shojima, Kensaku Tabuchi, Takahiro |
author_sort | Shojima, Kensaku |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: Recently, the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly passed an ordinance prohibiting smoking in private homes and cars if children are present. However, no previous study has investigated existing, voluntary home and car smoke-free rules in Japan. Therefore, we examined prevalence and determinants of comprehensive home and car smoke-free rules. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: Internet survey data with adjustments using inverse probability weighting for ‘being a respondent in an internet survey’. PARTICIPANTS: 5600 respondents aged 15–69 years in 2015 were analysed to estimate weighted percentages and prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% CIs of having comprehensive home and car smoke-free rules. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Respondents who answered ‘smoking is never allowed’ in their home and car were defined as having home and car smoke-free rules. RESULTS: Overall, 47.0% (95% CI=45.8% to 48.3%) of respondents implemented comprehensive home and car smoke-free rules. People who agreed with ‘smoking relieves stress’ were less likely to have comprehensive smoke-free rules (PR=0.76, 0.71 to 0.82), especially among ever-users of electronic nicotine delivery systems (PR=0.49, 0.30 to 0.81). Higher education was significantly associated with higher PR for comprehensive smoke-free rules (PR=1.30, 1.19 to 1.41). Living with children was significantly associated with higher PR for smoke-free rules among current smokers than not living with children (PR=2.91, 1.99 to 4.27). CONCLUSIONS: In Japan, about 50% of respondents had voluntary smoke-free rules in the home and car. Information on current voluntary smoke-free rules will be useful as baseline information on home and car smoke-free status before enforcement of the 2018 Tokyo home and car smoke-free legislation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6429848 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64298482019-04-05 Voluntary home and car smoke-free rules in Japan: a cross-sectional study in 2015 Shojima, Kensaku Tabuchi, Takahiro BMJ Open Epidemiology OBJECTIVES: Recently, the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly passed an ordinance prohibiting smoking in private homes and cars if children are present. However, no previous study has investigated existing, voluntary home and car smoke-free rules in Japan. Therefore, we examined prevalence and determinants of comprehensive home and car smoke-free rules. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. SETTING: Internet survey data with adjustments using inverse probability weighting for ‘being a respondent in an internet survey’. PARTICIPANTS: 5600 respondents aged 15–69 years in 2015 were analysed to estimate weighted percentages and prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% CIs of having comprehensive home and car smoke-free rules. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Respondents who answered ‘smoking is never allowed’ in their home and car were defined as having home and car smoke-free rules. RESULTS: Overall, 47.0% (95% CI=45.8% to 48.3%) of respondents implemented comprehensive home and car smoke-free rules. People who agreed with ‘smoking relieves stress’ were less likely to have comprehensive smoke-free rules (PR=0.76, 0.71 to 0.82), especially among ever-users of electronic nicotine delivery systems (PR=0.49, 0.30 to 0.81). Higher education was significantly associated with higher PR for comprehensive smoke-free rules (PR=1.30, 1.19 to 1.41). Living with children was significantly associated with higher PR for smoke-free rules among current smokers than not living with children (PR=2.91, 1.99 to 4.27). CONCLUSIONS: In Japan, about 50% of respondents had voluntary smoke-free rules in the home and car. Information on current voluntary smoke-free rules will be useful as baseline information on home and car smoke-free status before enforcement of the 2018 Tokyo home and car smoke-free legislation. BMJ Publishing Group 2019-03-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6429848/ /pubmed/30842112 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024615 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Epidemiology Shojima, Kensaku Tabuchi, Takahiro Voluntary home and car smoke-free rules in Japan: a cross-sectional study in 2015 |
title | Voluntary home and car smoke-free rules in Japan: a cross-sectional study in 2015 |
title_full | Voluntary home and car smoke-free rules in Japan: a cross-sectional study in 2015 |
title_fullStr | Voluntary home and car smoke-free rules in Japan: a cross-sectional study in 2015 |
title_full_unstemmed | Voluntary home and car smoke-free rules in Japan: a cross-sectional study in 2015 |
title_short | Voluntary home and car smoke-free rules in Japan: a cross-sectional study in 2015 |
title_sort | voluntary home and car smoke-free rules in japan: a cross-sectional study in 2015 |
topic | Epidemiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6429848/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30842112 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024615 |
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