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The fecal microbiome and serum concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and p‐cresol sulfate in cats with chronic kidney disease

BACKGROUND: Intestinal dysbiosis has been documented in humans with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is thought to contribute to production of the uremic toxins indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p‐cresol sulfate (pCS). Characteristics of the fecal microbiome in cats with CKD and correlation to serum concentr...

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Autores principales: Summers, Stacie C., Quimby, Jessica M., Isaiah, Anitha, Suchodolski, Jan S., Lunghofer, Paul J., Gustafson, Daniel L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6430892/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30561098
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15389
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author Summers, Stacie C.
Quimby, Jessica M.
Isaiah, Anitha
Suchodolski, Jan S.
Lunghofer, Paul J.
Gustafson, Daniel L.
author_facet Summers, Stacie C.
Quimby, Jessica M.
Isaiah, Anitha
Suchodolski, Jan S.
Lunghofer, Paul J.
Gustafson, Daniel L.
author_sort Summers, Stacie C.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Intestinal dysbiosis has been documented in humans with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is thought to contribute to production of the uremic toxins indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p‐cresol sulfate (pCS). Characteristics of the fecal microbiome in cats with CKD and correlation to serum concentrations of uremic toxins are unknown. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the fecal microbiome and measure serum IS and pCS concentrations of cats with CKD in comparison to healthy older cats. ANIMALS: Thirty client‐owned cats with CKD (International Renal Interest Society stages 2‐4) and 11 older (≥8 years) healthy control cats. METHODS: Prospective, cross‐sectional study. Fecal samples were analyzed by sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and Escherichia coli quantitative PCR (qPCR). Serum concentrations of IS and pCS measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Cats with CKD had significantly decreased fecal bacterial diversity and richness. Escherichia coli qPCR showed no significant difference in bacteria count between control and CKD cats. Cats with stage 2 (P = .01) and stages 3 and 4 (P = .0006) CKD had significantly higher serum IS concentrations compared to control cats. No significant difference found between stage 2 and stages 3 and 4 CKD. The pCS concentrations were not significantly different between CKD cats and control cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Decreased fecal microbiome diversity and richness is associated with CKD in cats. Indoxyl sulfate concentration is significantly increased with CKD, and cats with stage 2 CKD may suffer from a similar uremic toxin burden as do cats with later stage disease.
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spelling pubmed-64308922019-04-04 The fecal microbiome and serum concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and p‐cresol sulfate in cats with chronic kidney disease Summers, Stacie C. Quimby, Jessica M. Isaiah, Anitha Suchodolski, Jan S. Lunghofer, Paul J. Gustafson, Daniel L. J Vet Intern Med SMALL ANIMAL BACKGROUND: Intestinal dysbiosis has been documented in humans with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is thought to contribute to production of the uremic toxins indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p‐cresol sulfate (pCS). Characteristics of the fecal microbiome in cats with CKD and correlation to serum concentrations of uremic toxins are unknown. OBJECTIVES: To characterize the fecal microbiome and measure serum IS and pCS concentrations of cats with CKD in comparison to healthy older cats. ANIMALS: Thirty client‐owned cats with CKD (International Renal Interest Society stages 2‐4) and 11 older (≥8 years) healthy control cats. METHODS: Prospective, cross‐sectional study. Fecal samples were analyzed by sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and Escherichia coli quantitative PCR (qPCR). Serum concentrations of IS and pCS measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Cats with CKD had significantly decreased fecal bacterial diversity and richness. Escherichia coli qPCR showed no significant difference in bacteria count between control and CKD cats. Cats with stage 2 (P = .01) and stages 3 and 4 (P = .0006) CKD had significantly higher serum IS concentrations compared to control cats. No significant difference found between stage 2 and stages 3 and 4 CKD. The pCS concentrations were not significantly different between CKD cats and control cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Decreased fecal microbiome diversity and richness is associated with CKD in cats. Indoxyl sulfate concentration is significantly increased with CKD, and cats with stage 2 CKD may suffer from a similar uremic toxin burden as do cats with later stage disease. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2018-12-18 2019 /pmc/articles/PMC6430892/ /pubmed/30561098 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15389 Text en © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
spellingShingle SMALL ANIMAL
Summers, Stacie C.
Quimby, Jessica M.
Isaiah, Anitha
Suchodolski, Jan S.
Lunghofer, Paul J.
Gustafson, Daniel L.
The fecal microbiome and serum concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and p‐cresol sulfate in cats with chronic kidney disease
title The fecal microbiome and serum concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and p‐cresol sulfate in cats with chronic kidney disease
title_full The fecal microbiome and serum concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and p‐cresol sulfate in cats with chronic kidney disease
title_fullStr The fecal microbiome and serum concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and p‐cresol sulfate in cats with chronic kidney disease
title_full_unstemmed The fecal microbiome and serum concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and p‐cresol sulfate in cats with chronic kidney disease
title_short The fecal microbiome and serum concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and p‐cresol sulfate in cats with chronic kidney disease
title_sort fecal microbiome and serum concentrations of indoxyl sulfate and p‐cresol sulfate in cats with chronic kidney disease
topic SMALL ANIMAL
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6430892/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30561098
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15389
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