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Engineered Cell-Based Therapeutics: Synthetic Biology Meets Immunology

Synthetic Biology has enabled new approaches to several medical applications including the development of immunotherapies based on bioengineered cells, and most notably the engineering of T-cells with tumor-targeting receptors, the Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cells. CAR-T-cells have successful...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Caliendo, Fabio, Dukhinova, Marina, Siciliano, Velia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6431652/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30937303
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2019.00043
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author Caliendo, Fabio
Dukhinova, Marina
Siciliano, Velia
author_facet Caliendo, Fabio
Dukhinova, Marina
Siciliano, Velia
author_sort Caliendo, Fabio
collection PubMed
description Synthetic Biology has enabled new approaches to several medical applications including the development of immunotherapies based on bioengineered cells, and most notably the engineering of T-cells with tumor-targeting receptors, the Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cells. CAR-T-cells have successfully treated blood tumors such as large B-cell lymphoma and promise a new scenario of therapeutic interventions also for solid tumors. Learning the lesson from CAR-T cells, we can foster the reprogramming of T lymphocytes with enhanced survival and functional activity in depressing tumor microenvironment, or to challenge diseases such as infections, autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders. This review will focus on the most updated bioengineering approaches to increase control, and safety of T-cell activity and to immunomodulate the extracellular microenvironment to augment immune responses. We will also discuss on applications beyond cancer treatment with implications toward the understanding and cure of a broader range of diseases by means of mammalian cells engineering.
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spelling pubmed-64316522019-04-01 Engineered Cell-Based Therapeutics: Synthetic Biology Meets Immunology Caliendo, Fabio Dukhinova, Marina Siciliano, Velia Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology Synthetic Biology has enabled new approaches to several medical applications including the development of immunotherapies based on bioengineered cells, and most notably the engineering of T-cells with tumor-targeting receptors, the Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cells. CAR-T-cells have successfully treated blood tumors such as large B-cell lymphoma and promise a new scenario of therapeutic interventions also for solid tumors. Learning the lesson from CAR-T cells, we can foster the reprogramming of T lymphocytes with enhanced survival and functional activity in depressing tumor microenvironment, or to challenge diseases such as infections, autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders. This review will focus on the most updated bioengineering approaches to increase control, and safety of T-cell activity and to immunomodulate the extracellular microenvironment to augment immune responses. We will also discuss on applications beyond cancer treatment with implications toward the understanding and cure of a broader range of diseases by means of mammalian cells engineering. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-03-18 /pmc/articles/PMC6431652/ /pubmed/30937303 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2019.00043 Text en Copyright © 2019 Caliendo, Dukhinova and Siciliano. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Bioengineering and Biotechnology
Caliendo, Fabio
Dukhinova, Marina
Siciliano, Velia
Engineered Cell-Based Therapeutics: Synthetic Biology Meets Immunology
title Engineered Cell-Based Therapeutics: Synthetic Biology Meets Immunology
title_full Engineered Cell-Based Therapeutics: Synthetic Biology Meets Immunology
title_fullStr Engineered Cell-Based Therapeutics: Synthetic Biology Meets Immunology
title_full_unstemmed Engineered Cell-Based Therapeutics: Synthetic Biology Meets Immunology
title_short Engineered Cell-Based Therapeutics: Synthetic Biology Meets Immunology
title_sort engineered cell-based therapeutics: synthetic biology meets immunology
topic Bioengineering and Biotechnology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6431652/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30937303
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2019.00043
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