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Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites
In this paper, for the first time, inexpensive waterglass solutions are exploited as a new, simple and ecofriendly chemical approach for promoting the formation of a silica-based coating on hemp fabrics, able to act as a thermal shield and to protect the latter from heat sources. Fourier Transform I...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6431956/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30974587 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym8080313 |
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author | Branda, Francesco Malucelli, Giulio Durante, Massimo Piccolo, Alessandro Mazzei, Pierluigi Costantini, Aniello Silvestri, Brigida Pennetta, Miriam Bifulco, Aurelio |
author_facet | Branda, Francesco Malucelli, Giulio Durante, Massimo Piccolo, Alessandro Mazzei, Pierluigi Costantini, Aniello Silvestri, Brigida Pennetta, Miriam Bifulco, Aurelio |
author_sort | Branda, Francesco |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this paper, for the first time, inexpensive waterglass solutions are exploited as a new, simple and ecofriendly chemical approach for promoting the formation of a silica-based coating on hemp fabrics, able to act as a thermal shield and to protect the latter from heat sources. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis confirm the formation of –C–O–Si– covalent bonds between the coating and the cellulosic substrate. The proposed waterglass treatment, which is resistant to washing, seems to be very effective for improving the fire behavior of hemp fabric/epoxy composites, also in combination with ammonium polyphosphate. In particular, the exploitation of hemp surface treatment and Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) addition to epoxy favors a remarkable decrease of the Heat Release Rate (HRR), Total Heat Release (THR), Total Smoke Release (TSR) and Specific Extinction Area (SEA) (respectively by 83%, 35%, 45% and 44%) as compared to untreated hemp/epoxy composites, favoring the formation of a very stable char, as also assessed by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Because of the low interfacial adhesion between the fabrics and the epoxy matrix, the obtained composites show low strength and stiffness; however, the energy absorbed by the material is higher when using treated hemp. The presence of APP in the epoxy matrix does not affect the mechanical behavior of the composites. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6431956 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64319562019-04-02 Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites Branda, Francesco Malucelli, Giulio Durante, Massimo Piccolo, Alessandro Mazzei, Pierluigi Costantini, Aniello Silvestri, Brigida Pennetta, Miriam Bifulco, Aurelio Polymers (Basel) Article In this paper, for the first time, inexpensive waterglass solutions are exploited as a new, simple and ecofriendly chemical approach for promoting the formation of a silica-based coating on hemp fabrics, able to act as a thermal shield and to protect the latter from heat sources. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis confirm the formation of –C–O–Si– covalent bonds between the coating and the cellulosic substrate. The proposed waterglass treatment, which is resistant to washing, seems to be very effective for improving the fire behavior of hemp fabric/epoxy composites, also in combination with ammonium polyphosphate. In particular, the exploitation of hemp surface treatment and Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) addition to epoxy favors a remarkable decrease of the Heat Release Rate (HRR), Total Heat Release (THR), Total Smoke Release (TSR) and Specific Extinction Area (SEA) (respectively by 83%, 35%, 45% and 44%) as compared to untreated hemp/epoxy composites, favoring the formation of a very stable char, as also assessed by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Because of the low interfacial adhesion between the fabrics and the epoxy matrix, the obtained composites show low strength and stiffness; however, the energy absorbed by the material is higher when using treated hemp. The presence of APP in the epoxy matrix does not affect the mechanical behavior of the composites. MDPI 2016-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6431956/ /pubmed/30974587 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym8080313 Text en © 2016 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Branda, Francesco Malucelli, Giulio Durante, Massimo Piccolo, Alessandro Mazzei, Pierluigi Costantini, Aniello Silvestri, Brigida Pennetta, Miriam Bifulco, Aurelio Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites |
title | Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites |
title_full | Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites |
title_fullStr | Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites |
title_full_unstemmed | Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites |
title_short | Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites |
title_sort | silica treatments: a fire retardant strategy for hemp fabric/epoxy composites |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6431956/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30974587 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym8080313 |
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