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Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites

In this paper, for the first time, inexpensive waterglass solutions are exploited as a new, simple and ecofriendly chemical approach for promoting the formation of a silica-based coating on hemp fabrics, able to act as a thermal shield and to protect the latter from heat sources. Fourier Transform I...

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Autores principales: Branda, Francesco, Malucelli, Giulio, Durante, Massimo, Piccolo, Alessandro, Mazzei, Pierluigi, Costantini, Aniello, Silvestri, Brigida, Pennetta, Miriam, Bifulco, Aurelio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2016
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6431956/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30974587
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym8080313
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author Branda, Francesco
Malucelli, Giulio
Durante, Massimo
Piccolo, Alessandro
Mazzei, Pierluigi
Costantini, Aniello
Silvestri, Brigida
Pennetta, Miriam
Bifulco, Aurelio
author_facet Branda, Francesco
Malucelli, Giulio
Durante, Massimo
Piccolo, Alessandro
Mazzei, Pierluigi
Costantini, Aniello
Silvestri, Brigida
Pennetta, Miriam
Bifulco, Aurelio
author_sort Branda, Francesco
collection PubMed
description In this paper, for the first time, inexpensive waterglass solutions are exploited as a new, simple and ecofriendly chemical approach for promoting the formation of a silica-based coating on hemp fabrics, able to act as a thermal shield and to protect the latter from heat sources. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis confirm the formation of –C–O–Si– covalent bonds between the coating and the cellulosic substrate. The proposed waterglass treatment, which is resistant to washing, seems to be very effective for improving the fire behavior of hemp fabric/epoxy composites, also in combination with ammonium polyphosphate. In particular, the exploitation of hemp surface treatment and Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) addition to epoxy favors a remarkable decrease of the Heat Release Rate (HRR), Total Heat Release (THR), Total Smoke Release (TSR) and Specific Extinction Area (SEA) (respectively by 83%, 35%, 45% and 44%) as compared to untreated hemp/epoxy composites, favoring the formation of a very stable char, as also assessed by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Because of the low interfacial adhesion between the fabrics and the epoxy matrix, the obtained composites show low strength and stiffness; however, the energy absorbed by the material is higher when using treated hemp. The presence of APP in the epoxy matrix does not affect the mechanical behavior of the composites.
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spelling pubmed-64319562019-04-02 Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites Branda, Francesco Malucelli, Giulio Durante, Massimo Piccolo, Alessandro Mazzei, Pierluigi Costantini, Aniello Silvestri, Brigida Pennetta, Miriam Bifulco, Aurelio Polymers (Basel) Article In this paper, for the first time, inexpensive waterglass solutions are exploited as a new, simple and ecofriendly chemical approach for promoting the formation of a silica-based coating on hemp fabrics, able to act as a thermal shield and to protect the latter from heat sources. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis confirm the formation of –C–O–Si– covalent bonds between the coating and the cellulosic substrate. The proposed waterglass treatment, which is resistant to washing, seems to be very effective for improving the fire behavior of hemp fabric/epoxy composites, also in combination with ammonium polyphosphate. In particular, the exploitation of hemp surface treatment and Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP) addition to epoxy favors a remarkable decrease of the Heat Release Rate (HRR), Total Heat Release (THR), Total Smoke Release (TSR) and Specific Extinction Area (SEA) (respectively by 83%, 35%, 45% and 44%) as compared to untreated hemp/epoxy composites, favoring the formation of a very stable char, as also assessed by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Because of the low interfacial adhesion between the fabrics and the epoxy matrix, the obtained composites show low strength and stiffness; however, the energy absorbed by the material is higher when using treated hemp. The presence of APP in the epoxy matrix does not affect the mechanical behavior of the composites. MDPI 2016-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6431956/ /pubmed/30974587 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym8080313 Text en © 2016 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Branda, Francesco
Malucelli, Giulio
Durante, Massimo
Piccolo, Alessandro
Mazzei, Pierluigi
Costantini, Aniello
Silvestri, Brigida
Pennetta, Miriam
Bifulco, Aurelio
Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites
title Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites
title_full Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites
title_fullStr Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites
title_full_unstemmed Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites
title_short Silica Treatments: A Fire Retardant Strategy for Hemp Fabric/Epoxy Composites
title_sort silica treatments: a fire retardant strategy for hemp fabric/epoxy composites
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6431956/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30974587
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym8080313
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