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Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy

The physiological condition of the human body is a composite of different environments, each with its own parameters that may differ under normal, as well as diseased conditions. These environmental conditions include factors, such as pH, temperature and enzymes that are specific to a type of cell,...

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Autores principales: Mathew, Ansuja Pulickal, Cho, Ki-Hyun, Uthaman, Saji, Cho, Chong-Su, Park, In-Kyu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6432211/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30970831
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym9040152
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author Mathew, Ansuja Pulickal
Cho, Ki-Hyun
Uthaman, Saji
Cho, Chong-Su
Park, In-Kyu
author_facet Mathew, Ansuja Pulickal
Cho, Ki-Hyun
Uthaman, Saji
Cho, Chong-Su
Park, In-Kyu
author_sort Mathew, Ansuja Pulickal
collection PubMed
description The physiological condition of the human body is a composite of different environments, each with its own parameters that may differ under normal, as well as diseased conditions. These environmental conditions include factors, such as pH, temperature and enzymes that are specific to a type of cell, tissue or organ or a pathological state, such as inflammation, cancer or infection. These conditions can act as specific triggers or stimuli for the efficient release of therapeutics at their destination by overcoming many physiological and biological barriers. The efficacy of conventional treatment modalities can be enhanced, side effects decreased and patient compliance improved by using stimuli-responsive material that respond to these triggers at the target site. These stimuli or triggers can be physical, chemical or biological and can be internal or external in nature. Many smart/intelligent stimuli-responsive therapeutic gene carriers have been developed that can respond to either internal stimuli, which may be normally present, overexpressed or present in decreased levels, owing to a disease, or to stimuli that are applied externally, such as magnetic fields. This review focuses on the effects of various internal stimuli, such as temperature, pH, redox potential, enzymes, osmotic activity and other biomolecules that are present in the body, on modulating gene expression by using stimuli-regulated smart polymeric carriers.
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spelling pubmed-64322112019-04-02 Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy Mathew, Ansuja Pulickal Cho, Ki-Hyun Uthaman, Saji Cho, Chong-Su Park, In-Kyu Polymers (Basel) Review The physiological condition of the human body is a composite of different environments, each with its own parameters that may differ under normal, as well as diseased conditions. These environmental conditions include factors, such as pH, temperature and enzymes that are specific to a type of cell, tissue or organ or a pathological state, such as inflammation, cancer or infection. These conditions can act as specific triggers or stimuli for the efficient release of therapeutics at their destination by overcoming many physiological and biological barriers. The efficacy of conventional treatment modalities can be enhanced, side effects decreased and patient compliance improved by using stimuli-responsive material that respond to these triggers at the target site. These stimuli or triggers can be physical, chemical or biological and can be internal or external in nature. Many smart/intelligent stimuli-responsive therapeutic gene carriers have been developed that can respond to either internal stimuli, which may be normally present, overexpressed or present in decreased levels, owing to a disease, or to stimuli that are applied externally, such as magnetic fields. This review focuses on the effects of various internal stimuli, such as temperature, pH, redox potential, enzymes, osmotic activity and other biomolecules that are present in the body, on modulating gene expression by using stimuli-regulated smart polymeric carriers. MDPI 2017-04-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6432211/ /pubmed/30970831 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym9040152 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Mathew, Ansuja Pulickal
Cho, Ki-Hyun
Uthaman, Saji
Cho, Chong-Su
Park, In-Kyu
Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy
title Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy
title_full Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy
title_fullStr Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy
title_full_unstemmed Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy
title_short Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy
title_sort stimuli-regulated smart polymeric systems for gene therapy
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6432211/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30970831
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym9040152
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