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Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy
The physiological condition of the human body is a composite of different environments, each with its own parameters that may differ under normal, as well as diseased conditions. These environmental conditions include factors, such as pH, temperature and enzymes that are specific to a type of cell,...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6432211/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30970831 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym9040152 |
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author | Mathew, Ansuja Pulickal Cho, Ki-Hyun Uthaman, Saji Cho, Chong-Su Park, In-Kyu |
author_facet | Mathew, Ansuja Pulickal Cho, Ki-Hyun Uthaman, Saji Cho, Chong-Su Park, In-Kyu |
author_sort | Mathew, Ansuja Pulickal |
collection | PubMed |
description | The physiological condition of the human body is a composite of different environments, each with its own parameters that may differ under normal, as well as diseased conditions. These environmental conditions include factors, such as pH, temperature and enzymes that are specific to a type of cell, tissue or organ or a pathological state, such as inflammation, cancer or infection. These conditions can act as specific triggers or stimuli for the efficient release of therapeutics at their destination by overcoming many physiological and biological barriers. The efficacy of conventional treatment modalities can be enhanced, side effects decreased and patient compliance improved by using stimuli-responsive material that respond to these triggers at the target site. These stimuli or triggers can be physical, chemical or biological and can be internal or external in nature. Many smart/intelligent stimuli-responsive therapeutic gene carriers have been developed that can respond to either internal stimuli, which may be normally present, overexpressed or present in decreased levels, owing to a disease, or to stimuli that are applied externally, such as magnetic fields. This review focuses on the effects of various internal stimuli, such as temperature, pH, redox potential, enzymes, osmotic activity and other biomolecules that are present in the body, on modulating gene expression by using stimuli-regulated smart polymeric carriers. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6432211 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64322112019-04-02 Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy Mathew, Ansuja Pulickal Cho, Ki-Hyun Uthaman, Saji Cho, Chong-Su Park, In-Kyu Polymers (Basel) Review The physiological condition of the human body is a composite of different environments, each with its own parameters that may differ under normal, as well as diseased conditions. These environmental conditions include factors, such as pH, temperature and enzymes that are specific to a type of cell, tissue or organ or a pathological state, such as inflammation, cancer or infection. These conditions can act as specific triggers or stimuli for the efficient release of therapeutics at their destination by overcoming many physiological and biological barriers. The efficacy of conventional treatment modalities can be enhanced, side effects decreased and patient compliance improved by using stimuli-responsive material that respond to these triggers at the target site. These stimuli or triggers can be physical, chemical or biological and can be internal or external in nature. Many smart/intelligent stimuli-responsive therapeutic gene carriers have been developed that can respond to either internal stimuli, which may be normally present, overexpressed or present in decreased levels, owing to a disease, or to stimuli that are applied externally, such as magnetic fields. This review focuses on the effects of various internal stimuli, such as temperature, pH, redox potential, enzymes, osmotic activity and other biomolecules that are present in the body, on modulating gene expression by using stimuli-regulated smart polymeric carriers. MDPI 2017-04-24 /pmc/articles/PMC6432211/ /pubmed/30970831 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym9040152 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Mathew, Ansuja Pulickal Cho, Ki-Hyun Uthaman, Saji Cho, Chong-Su Park, In-Kyu Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy |
title | Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy |
title_full | Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy |
title_fullStr | Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy |
title_full_unstemmed | Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy |
title_short | Stimuli-Regulated Smart Polymeric Systems for Gene Therapy |
title_sort | stimuli-regulated smart polymeric systems for gene therapy |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6432211/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30970831 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym9040152 |
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