The Use of Microalgae for Coupling Wastewater Treatment With CO(2) Biofixation

Production and emission of CO(2) from different sources have caused significant changes in the climate, which is the major concern related to global warming. Among other CO(2) removal approaches, microalgae can efficiently remove CO(2) through the rapid production of algal biomass. In addition, microalgae have the potential to be used in wastewater treatment. Although, wastewater treatment and CO(2) removal by microalgae have been studied separately for a long time, there is no detailed information available on combining both processes. In this review article, microalgae-based CO(2) biofixation, various microalgae cultivation systems,¯ and microalgae-derived wastewater treatment are separately discussed, followed by the concept of integration of CO(2) biofixation process and wastewater treatment. In each section, details of energy efficiency and differences across microalgae species are also given.