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Checkpoint inhibition immunotherapy for advanced local and systemic conjunctival melanoma: a clinical case series
BACKGROUND: Herein, we describe the use of systemic immunotherapy for both locally advanced and metastatic conjunctival melanoma. Current treatments for advanced conjunctival melanoma typically result in poor local control leading to disfiguring orbital exenteration surgery. Locoregional spread of c...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6434860/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30909967 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40425-019-0555-7 |
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author | Finger, Paul T. Pavlick, Anna C. |
author_facet | Finger, Paul T. Pavlick, Anna C. |
author_sort | Finger, Paul T. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Herein, we describe the use of systemic immunotherapy for both locally advanced and metastatic conjunctival melanoma. Current treatments for advanced conjunctival melanoma typically result in poor local control leading to disfiguring orbital exenteration surgery. Locoregional spread of conjunctival malignant melanoma typically requires pre-auricular and cervical lymph node dissection with post-operative adjuvant radiation therapy. In addition, classic systemic chemotherapy has been unsuccessful in the treatment of metastatic disease. METHODS: This is a retrospectively analyzed clinical case series of 5 patients with biopsy proven conjunctival melanoma who were treated with checkpoint inhibition therapy. Of these, 3 patients were treated for residual ocular disease present after failing multiple local therapies and refusing orbital exenteration surgery and two (with local ocular control) for metastatic conjunctival melanoma. Both those with locally advanced disease and patients with metastatic disease received an anti-PD1 agent in combination with another immunotherapeutic agent. All 5 were given multiple cycles of systemic anti-PD1 therapy, 1 was initially treated with single agent ipilimumab (3 mg/kg) prior to approval of anti-PD1 agents and two received interferon eye drops. As part of each ophthalmic examination, photographs of all conjunctival and eyelid surfaces were obtained. Systemic evaluations involved initial staging scans as well as periodic re-imaging. RESULTS: All cases have shown responses. Of the 2 complete responses, 1 was a patient with systemic disease. No patients developed ocular toxicity or loss of vision. However, systemic adverse effects included adrenal insufficiency, Grade-III colitis, Grade-II dermatitis, Grade-II hepatotoxicity and Grade-II pneumonitis. CONCLUSIONS: This report suggests that systemic immunotherapy with or without topical interferon is effective in treatment of malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva. Therefore, it can be considered for patients with advanced local conjunctival melanoma, those who refuse orbital exenteration surgery and those with systemic metastasis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6434860 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64348602019-04-08 Checkpoint inhibition immunotherapy for advanced local and systemic conjunctival melanoma: a clinical case series Finger, Paul T. Pavlick, Anna C. J Immunother Cancer Short Report BACKGROUND: Herein, we describe the use of systemic immunotherapy for both locally advanced and metastatic conjunctival melanoma. Current treatments for advanced conjunctival melanoma typically result in poor local control leading to disfiguring orbital exenteration surgery. Locoregional spread of conjunctival malignant melanoma typically requires pre-auricular and cervical lymph node dissection with post-operative adjuvant radiation therapy. In addition, classic systemic chemotherapy has been unsuccessful in the treatment of metastatic disease. METHODS: This is a retrospectively analyzed clinical case series of 5 patients with biopsy proven conjunctival melanoma who were treated with checkpoint inhibition therapy. Of these, 3 patients were treated for residual ocular disease present after failing multiple local therapies and refusing orbital exenteration surgery and two (with local ocular control) for metastatic conjunctival melanoma. Both those with locally advanced disease and patients with metastatic disease received an anti-PD1 agent in combination with another immunotherapeutic agent. All 5 were given multiple cycles of systemic anti-PD1 therapy, 1 was initially treated with single agent ipilimumab (3 mg/kg) prior to approval of anti-PD1 agents and two received interferon eye drops. As part of each ophthalmic examination, photographs of all conjunctival and eyelid surfaces were obtained. Systemic evaluations involved initial staging scans as well as periodic re-imaging. RESULTS: All cases have shown responses. Of the 2 complete responses, 1 was a patient with systemic disease. No patients developed ocular toxicity or loss of vision. However, systemic adverse effects included adrenal insufficiency, Grade-III colitis, Grade-II dermatitis, Grade-II hepatotoxicity and Grade-II pneumonitis. CONCLUSIONS: This report suggests that systemic immunotherapy with or without topical interferon is effective in treatment of malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva. Therefore, it can be considered for patients with advanced local conjunctival melanoma, those who refuse orbital exenteration surgery and those with systemic metastasis. BioMed Central 2019-03-25 /pmc/articles/PMC6434860/ /pubmed/30909967 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40425-019-0555-7 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Short Report Finger, Paul T. Pavlick, Anna C. Checkpoint inhibition immunotherapy for advanced local and systemic conjunctival melanoma: a clinical case series |
title | Checkpoint inhibition immunotherapy for advanced local and systemic conjunctival melanoma: a clinical case series |
title_full | Checkpoint inhibition immunotherapy for advanced local and systemic conjunctival melanoma: a clinical case series |
title_fullStr | Checkpoint inhibition immunotherapy for advanced local and systemic conjunctival melanoma: a clinical case series |
title_full_unstemmed | Checkpoint inhibition immunotherapy for advanced local and systemic conjunctival melanoma: a clinical case series |
title_short | Checkpoint inhibition immunotherapy for advanced local and systemic conjunctival melanoma: a clinical case series |
title_sort | checkpoint inhibition immunotherapy for advanced local and systemic conjunctival melanoma: a clinical case series |
topic | Short Report |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6434860/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30909967 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40425-019-0555-7 |
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