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An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced “iron mound” sediments
Fe(III)-rich deposits referred to as “iron mounds” develop when Fe(II)-rich acid mine drainage (AMD) emerges at the terrestrial surface, and aeration of the fluids induces oxidation of Fe(II), with subsequent precipitation of Fe(III) phases. As Fe(III) phases accumulate in these systems, O(2) gradie...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6435174/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30913215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213807 |
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author | Leitholf, Isabel M. Fretz, Chrystal E. Mahanke, Raymond Santangelo, Zachary Senko, John M. |
author_facet | Leitholf, Isabel M. Fretz, Chrystal E. Mahanke, Raymond Santangelo, Zachary Senko, John M. |
author_sort | Leitholf, Isabel M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Fe(III)-rich deposits referred to as “iron mounds” develop when Fe(II)-rich acid mine drainage (AMD) emerges at the terrestrial surface, and aeration of the fluids induces oxidation of Fe(II), with subsequent precipitation of Fe(III) phases. As Fe(III) phases accumulate in these systems, O(2) gradients may develop in the sediments and influence the distributions and extents of aerobic and anaerobic microbiological Fe metabolism, and in turn the solubility of Fe. To determine how intrusion of O(2) into iron mound sediments influences microbial community composition and Fe metabolism, we incubated samples of these sediments in a column format. O(2) was only supplied through the top of the columns, and microbiological, geochemical, and electrochemical changes at discrete depths were determined with time. Despite the development of dramatic gradients in dissolved Fe(II) concentrations, indicating Fe(II) oxidation in shallower portions and Fe(III) reduction in the deeper portions, microbial communities varied little with depth, suggesting the metabolic versatility of organisms in the sediments with respect to Fe metabolism. Additionally, the availability of O(2) in shallow portions of the sediments influenced Fe metabolism in deeper, O(2)-free sediments. Total potential (E(H) + self-potential) measurements at discrete depths in the columns indicated that Fe transformations and electron transfer processes were occurring through the sediments and could explain the impact of O(2) on Fe metabolism past where it penetrates into the sediments. This work shows that O(2) availability (or lack of it) minimally influences microbial communities, but influences microbial activities beyond its penetration depth in AMD-derived Fe(III) rich sediments. Our results indicate that O(2) can modulate Fe redox state and solubility in larger volumes of iron mound sediments than only those directly exposed to O(2). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6435174 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64351742019-04-08 An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced “iron mound” sediments Leitholf, Isabel M. Fretz, Chrystal E. Mahanke, Raymond Santangelo, Zachary Senko, John M. PLoS One Research Article Fe(III)-rich deposits referred to as “iron mounds” develop when Fe(II)-rich acid mine drainage (AMD) emerges at the terrestrial surface, and aeration of the fluids induces oxidation of Fe(II), with subsequent precipitation of Fe(III) phases. As Fe(III) phases accumulate in these systems, O(2) gradients may develop in the sediments and influence the distributions and extents of aerobic and anaerobic microbiological Fe metabolism, and in turn the solubility of Fe. To determine how intrusion of O(2) into iron mound sediments influences microbial community composition and Fe metabolism, we incubated samples of these sediments in a column format. O(2) was only supplied through the top of the columns, and microbiological, geochemical, and electrochemical changes at discrete depths were determined with time. Despite the development of dramatic gradients in dissolved Fe(II) concentrations, indicating Fe(II) oxidation in shallower portions and Fe(III) reduction in the deeper portions, microbial communities varied little with depth, suggesting the metabolic versatility of organisms in the sediments with respect to Fe metabolism. Additionally, the availability of O(2) in shallow portions of the sediments influenced Fe metabolism in deeper, O(2)-free sediments. Total potential (E(H) + self-potential) measurements at discrete depths in the columns indicated that Fe transformations and electron transfer processes were occurring through the sediments and could explain the impact of O(2) on Fe metabolism past where it penetrates into the sediments. This work shows that O(2) availability (or lack of it) minimally influences microbial communities, but influences microbial activities beyond its penetration depth in AMD-derived Fe(III) rich sediments. Our results indicate that O(2) can modulate Fe redox state and solubility in larger volumes of iron mound sediments than only those directly exposed to O(2). Public Library of Science 2019-03-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6435174/ /pubmed/30913215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213807 Text en © 2019 Leitholf et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Leitholf, Isabel M. Fretz, Chrystal E. Mahanke, Raymond Santangelo, Zachary Senko, John M. An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced “iron mound” sediments |
title | An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced “iron mound” sediments |
title_full | An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced “iron mound” sediments |
title_fullStr | An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced “iron mound” sediments |
title_full_unstemmed | An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced “iron mound” sediments |
title_short | An integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of Fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced “iron mound” sediments |
title_sort | integrated microbiological and electrochemical approach to determine distributions of fe metabolism in acid mine drainage-induced “iron mound” sediments |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6435174/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30913215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213807 |
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