Early clinical and radiological evaluation in patients with total ankle replacement performed by lateral approach and peroneal osteotomy

BACKGROUND: The Zimmer Trabecular Metal Total Ankle Replacement (Zimmer TM TAR) is a recent ankle arthroplasty approved for use in the United States and Europe. Many of the studies reporting the results of this implant are provided by surgeons involved at least in the initial design of the implant under study. The aim of this study is to describe the early clinical and radiological outcomes in patients who underwent this procedure performed by non-designer surgeons. METHODS: A total of thirty consecutive patients underwent total ankle replacement with a Zimmer TM TAR surgery between July 2013 to January 2016.All clinical assessments were collected pre- and post-operatively with minimum follow-up of 12 months for each patient using the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle (AOFAS) score, the Foot Function Index (FFI) and a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain. Radiographic outcomes included ankle orientation assessed with angle “α”,“β” and “γ” according to Wood. Furthermore, the anteroposterior offset ratio was measured in weight-bearing lateral ankle radiographs at the last follow-up. RESULTS: The mean preoperative FFI-pain (FFI-P) value was 53.67, the FFI-disability (FFI-D) was 64.19. At the last follow-up visit, the FFI-P and FFI-D was 16.95 and 20.76 respectively (p<0.01 for the both scales). Preoperatively, the mean VAS for pain and AOFAS score was 7.81 and 40.95 respectively, and at the last follow-up 2.29 and 86.38 (p<0.01 for the both scales). The mean angle calculated using Wood and Deakin’s method were “α”= 89.02°, “β”= 85.11 and “γ”= 27.54 post-operatively. At the last follow-up the same values were respectively 89.43, 85.18 and 29.94. At the last follow-up, the mean offset ratio was 0.06 (range 0.003/-0.17). CONCLUSIONS: These early results show high levels of patient satisfaction, and we are encouraged to continue with lateral approach total ankle arthroplasty.