Cargando…
Patch Testing in Allergic Contact Dermatitis over the Lower Extremities
BACKGROUND: There is an increased incidence of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) over the lower extremities due to over-the-counter topical preparations, occupational risk, and usage of several chemicals in the manufacture of designer footwear. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to identi...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6440194/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30983622 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijd.IJD_759_16 |
_version_ | 1783407354526564352 |
---|---|
author | Kumar, Bommireddy Vinay Ashwini, P Kombettu Kanthraj, Garehatty Rudrappa Jayadev, B Betkerur |
author_facet | Kumar, Bommireddy Vinay Ashwini, P Kombettu Kanthraj, Garehatty Rudrappa Jayadev, B Betkerur |
author_sort | Kumar, Bommireddy Vinay |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: There is an increased incidence of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) over the lower extremities due to over-the-counter topical preparations, occupational risk, and usage of several chemicals in the manufacture of designer footwear. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to identify the common allergens and polysensitization pattern involved in ACD over the lower extremities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a cross-sectional study, wherein a total of 80 patients were recruited over a period of 18 months. Demographic and clinical characteristics were noted. Patch test was done with the Indian standard series. Interpretation of patch test readings was read according to the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group criteria at 48 and 96 h. RESULTS: There were 45 males and 35 females (M:F= 1.3:1). Mean age was 41.65 years. Most of the patients belonged to 21–40 years age group. Farmers, homemakers, and students were commonly affected. Most common presentation was itching, hyperpigmentation, and scaly plaques over the feet. Patch test was performed in 75% of the patients. One or more positive results were observed in 57% of the patients. Common allergens noted were potassium dichromate (35%), followed by nickel sulfate (23.5%), mercapto mix, and mercaptobenzothiazole. Potassium dichromate and nickel were the common allergens reported in males and females, respectively. Neomycin was the common medication responsible for dermatitis medicamentosa. Polysensitization was seen with mercapto mix, mercaptobenzothiazole, potassium dichromate, and fragrance mix. CONCLUSION: Potassium dichromate and nickel were the common allergens responsible for ACD over the lower extremities. Polysensitization was seen commonly with mercapto mix, mercaptobenzothiazole, and fragrance mix. RECOMMENDATION: Screening for usage of topical preparations and late patch test readings (96 h or more) is recommended. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6440194 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Wolters Kluwer - Medknow |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64401942019-04-12 Patch Testing in Allergic Contact Dermatitis over the Lower Extremities Kumar, Bommireddy Vinay Ashwini, P Kombettu Kanthraj, Garehatty Rudrappa Jayadev, B Betkerur Indian J Dermatol E-IJD Original Article BACKGROUND: There is an increased incidence of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) over the lower extremities due to over-the-counter topical preparations, occupational risk, and usage of several chemicals in the manufacture of designer footwear. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to identify the common allergens and polysensitization pattern involved in ACD over the lower extremities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a cross-sectional study, wherein a total of 80 patients were recruited over a period of 18 months. Demographic and clinical characteristics were noted. Patch test was done with the Indian standard series. Interpretation of patch test readings was read according to the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group criteria at 48 and 96 h. RESULTS: There were 45 males and 35 females (M:F= 1.3:1). Mean age was 41.65 years. Most of the patients belonged to 21–40 years age group. Farmers, homemakers, and students were commonly affected. Most common presentation was itching, hyperpigmentation, and scaly plaques over the feet. Patch test was performed in 75% of the patients. One or more positive results were observed in 57% of the patients. Common allergens noted were potassium dichromate (35%), followed by nickel sulfate (23.5%), mercapto mix, and mercaptobenzothiazole. Potassium dichromate and nickel were the common allergens reported in males and females, respectively. Neomycin was the common medication responsible for dermatitis medicamentosa. Polysensitization was seen with mercapto mix, mercaptobenzothiazole, potassium dichromate, and fragrance mix. CONCLUSION: Potassium dichromate and nickel were the common allergens responsible for ACD over the lower extremities. Polysensitization was seen commonly with mercapto mix, mercaptobenzothiazole, and fragrance mix. RECOMMENDATION: Screening for usage of topical preparations and late patch test readings (96 h or more) is recommended. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2019 /pmc/articles/PMC6440194/ /pubmed/30983622 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijd.IJD_759_16 Text en Copyright: © 2019 Indian Journal of Dermatology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms. |
spellingShingle | E-IJD Original Article Kumar, Bommireddy Vinay Ashwini, P Kombettu Kanthraj, Garehatty Rudrappa Jayadev, B Betkerur Patch Testing in Allergic Contact Dermatitis over the Lower Extremities |
title | Patch Testing in Allergic Contact Dermatitis over the Lower Extremities |
title_full | Patch Testing in Allergic Contact Dermatitis over the Lower Extremities |
title_fullStr | Patch Testing in Allergic Contact Dermatitis over the Lower Extremities |
title_full_unstemmed | Patch Testing in Allergic Contact Dermatitis over the Lower Extremities |
title_short | Patch Testing in Allergic Contact Dermatitis over the Lower Extremities |
title_sort | patch testing in allergic contact dermatitis over the lower extremities |
topic | E-IJD Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6440194/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30983622 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijd.IJD_759_16 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT kumarbommireddyvinay patchtestinginallergiccontactdermatitisoverthelowerextremities AT ashwinipkombettu patchtestinginallergiccontactdermatitisoverthelowerextremities AT kanthrajgarehattyrudrappa patchtestinginallergiccontactdermatitisoverthelowerextremities AT jayadevbbetkerur patchtestinginallergiccontactdermatitisoverthelowerextremities |