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Loancorhynchus catrillancai gen. et sp. nov., a new swordfish (Xiphioidei, Blochiidae) from the Middle Eocene of central Chile

This contribution describes the skull remains of a swordfish (Perciformes, Xiphioidei), recovered from Middle Eocene beds of central Chile. Comparison with known fossil and extant xiphioids reveals derived traits only present in the Neogene swordfish Xiphias gladius (Xiphiidae, Xiphiinae), these bei...

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Autor principal: Otero, Rodrigo A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6440463/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30941278
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6671
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author Otero, Rodrigo A.
author_facet Otero, Rodrigo A.
author_sort Otero, Rodrigo A.
collection PubMed
description This contribution describes the skull remains of a swordfish (Perciformes, Xiphioidei), recovered from Middle Eocene beds of central Chile. Comparison with known fossil and extant xiphioids reveals derived traits only present in the Neogene swordfish Xiphias gladius (Xiphiidae, Xiphiinae), these being a elongated rostrum composed of premaxillaries and possible prenasals, a dorsoventrally high and slender hyomandibular-metapterygoid complex, and a rounded, convex operculum. Also, strong ridges and sulci are present in the dorsal part of the rostrum, a feature only present in the billfish genera Aglyptorhynchus and Xiphiorhynchus, and in the swordfish genus Blochius. In addition, the specimen also has villiform teeth in the rostrum and lower jaw, a feature previously documented only in the Paleocene genus Hemingwaya. Such a unique combination of characters in the specimen allows classifying it as a new genus and species, Loancorhynchus catrillancai. Phylogenetic analyses obtained Xiphiorhynchus outside the Xiphiidae, suggesting instead narrow relationships to the Paleocene-Eocene genera Hemingwaya + Palaeorhynchus + Homorhynchus. Loancorhynchus is obtained as an intermediate form between Xiphias and Blochius. The specimen represents the first Paleogene swordfish described in the southeastern Pacific.
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spelling pubmed-64404632019-04-02 Loancorhynchus catrillancai gen. et sp. nov., a new swordfish (Xiphioidei, Blochiidae) from the Middle Eocene of central Chile Otero, Rodrigo A. PeerJ Paleontology This contribution describes the skull remains of a swordfish (Perciformes, Xiphioidei), recovered from Middle Eocene beds of central Chile. Comparison with known fossil and extant xiphioids reveals derived traits only present in the Neogene swordfish Xiphias gladius (Xiphiidae, Xiphiinae), these being a elongated rostrum composed of premaxillaries and possible prenasals, a dorsoventrally high and slender hyomandibular-metapterygoid complex, and a rounded, convex operculum. Also, strong ridges and sulci are present in the dorsal part of the rostrum, a feature only present in the billfish genera Aglyptorhynchus and Xiphiorhynchus, and in the swordfish genus Blochius. In addition, the specimen also has villiform teeth in the rostrum and lower jaw, a feature previously documented only in the Paleocene genus Hemingwaya. Such a unique combination of characters in the specimen allows classifying it as a new genus and species, Loancorhynchus catrillancai. Phylogenetic analyses obtained Xiphiorhynchus outside the Xiphiidae, suggesting instead narrow relationships to the Paleocene-Eocene genera Hemingwaya + Palaeorhynchus + Homorhynchus. Loancorhynchus is obtained as an intermediate form between Xiphias and Blochius. The specimen represents the first Paleogene swordfish described in the southeastern Pacific. PeerJ Inc. 2019-03-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6440463/ /pubmed/30941278 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6671 Text en ©2019 Otero http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Paleontology
Otero, Rodrigo A.
Loancorhynchus catrillancai gen. et sp. nov., a new swordfish (Xiphioidei, Blochiidae) from the Middle Eocene of central Chile
title Loancorhynchus catrillancai gen. et sp. nov., a new swordfish (Xiphioidei, Blochiidae) from the Middle Eocene of central Chile
title_full Loancorhynchus catrillancai gen. et sp. nov., a new swordfish (Xiphioidei, Blochiidae) from the Middle Eocene of central Chile
title_fullStr Loancorhynchus catrillancai gen. et sp. nov., a new swordfish (Xiphioidei, Blochiidae) from the Middle Eocene of central Chile
title_full_unstemmed Loancorhynchus catrillancai gen. et sp. nov., a new swordfish (Xiphioidei, Blochiidae) from the Middle Eocene of central Chile
title_short Loancorhynchus catrillancai gen. et sp. nov., a new swordfish (Xiphioidei, Blochiidae) from the Middle Eocene of central Chile
title_sort loancorhynchus catrillancai gen. et sp. nov., a new swordfish (xiphioidei, blochiidae) from the middle eocene of central chile
topic Paleontology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6440463/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30941278
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6671
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