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Evaluation of Immune Responses Induced by Simultaneous Inoculations of Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) with Soil Bacteria and Rhizobia
Legumes form root nodules and fix atmospheric nitrogen by establishing symbiosis with rhizobia. However, excessive root nodules are harmful to plants because of the resulting overconsumption of energy from photosynthates. The delay of an inoculation of the soybean super-nodulation mutant NOD1–3 with...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
the Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology (JSME)/the Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology (JSSM)/the Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology (TSME)/the Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions (JSPMI)
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6440728/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30726789 http://dx.doi.org/10.1264/jsme2.ME18110 |
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author | Hashami, Sayed Ziauddin Nakamura, Hiroyuki Ohkama-Ohtsu, Naoko Kojima, Katsuhiro Djedidi, Salem Fukuhara, Izumi Haidari, Mohammad Daud Sekimoto, Hitoshi Yokoyama, Tadashi |
author_facet | Hashami, Sayed Ziauddin Nakamura, Hiroyuki Ohkama-Ohtsu, Naoko Kojima, Katsuhiro Djedidi, Salem Fukuhara, Izumi Haidari, Mohammad Daud Sekimoto, Hitoshi Yokoyama, Tadashi |
author_sort | Hashami, Sayed Ziauddin |
collection | PubMed |
description | Legumes form root nodules and fix atmospheric nitrogen by establishing symbiosis with rhizobia. However, excessive root nodules are harmful to plants because of the resulting overconsumption of energy from photosynthates. The delay of an inoculation of the soybean super-nodulation mutant NOD1–3 with Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA110(T) by 5 d after an inoculation with several soil bacteria confirmed that one bacterial group significantly decreased root nodules throughout the study period. Moreover, no significant changes were observed in nitrogen fixation by root nodules between an inoculation with USDA 110(T) only and co-inoculation treatments. To clarify the potential involvement of PR proteins in the restriction of nodule formation in the plants tested, the relative expression levels of PR-1, PR-2, PR-5, and PDF1.2 in NOD1–3 roots were measured using real-time PCR. One group of soil bacteria (Gr.3), which markedly reduced nodule numbers, significantly induced the expression of PR-1, PR-5 and PDF1.2 genes by day 5 after the inoculation. By days 7, 10, and 20 after the inoculation, the expression levels of PR-2 and PR-5 were lower than those with the uninoculated treatment. Inoculations with this group of soil bacteria resulted in lower root nodule numbers than with other tested soil bacteria exerting weak inhibitory effects on nodulation, and were accompanied by the induction of plant defense-related genes. Thus, PR genes appear to play important roles in the mechanisms that suppresses nodule formation on soybean roots. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6440728 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | the Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology (JSME)/the Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology (JSSM)/the Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology (TSME)/the Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions (JSPMI) |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-64407282019-04-10 Evaluation of Immune Responses Induced by Simultaneous Inoculations of Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) with Soil Bacteria and Rhizobia Hashami, Sayed Ziauddin Nakamura, Hiroyuki Ohkama-Ohtsu, Naoko Kojima, Katsuhiro Djedidi, Salem Fukuhara, Izumi Haidari, Mohammad Daud Sekimoto, Hitoshi Yokoyama, Tadashi Microbes Environ Articles Legumes form root nodules and fix atmospheric nitrogen by establishing symbiosis with rhizobia. However, excessive root nodules are harmful to plants because of the resulting overconsumption of energy from photosynthates. The delay of an inoculation of the soybean super-nodulation mutant NOD1–3 with Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA110(T) by 5 d after an inoculation with several soil bacteria confirmed that one bacterial group significantly decreased root nodules throughout the study period. Moreover, no significant changes were observed in nitrogen fixation by root nodules between an inoculation with USDA 110(T) only and co-inoculation treatments. To clarify the potential involvement of PR proteins in the restriction of nodule formation in the plants tested, the relative expression levels of PR-1, PR-2, PR-5, and PDF1.2 in NOD1–3 roots were measured using real-time PCR. One group of soil bacteria (Gr.3), which markedly reduced nodule numbers, significantly induced the expression of PR-1, PR-5 and PDF1.2 genes by day 5 after the inoculation. By days 7, 10, and 20 after the inoculation, the expression levels of PR-2 and PR-5 were lower than those with the uninoculated treatment. Inoculations with this group of soil bacteria resulted in lower root nodule numbers than with other tested soil bacteria exerting weak inhibitory effects on nodulation, and were accompanied by the induction of plant defense-related genes. Thus, PR genes appear to play important roles in the mechanisms that suppresses nodule formation on soybean roots. the Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology (JSME)/the Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology (JSSM)/the Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology (TSME)/the Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions (JSPMI) 2019-03 2019-02-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6440728/ /pubmed/30726789 http://dx.doi.org/10.1264/jsme2.ME18110 Text en Copyright © 2019 by Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Articles Hashami, Sayed Ziauddin Nakamura, Hiroyuki Ohkama-Ohtsu, Naoko Kojima, Katsuhiro Djedidi, Salem Fukuhara, Izumi Haidari, Mohammad Daud Sekimoto, Hitoshi Yokoyama, Tadashi Evaluation of Immune Responses Induced by Simultaneous Inoculations of Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) with Soil Bacteria and Rhizobia |
title | Evaluation of Immune Responses Induced by Simultaneous Inoculations of Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) with Soil Bacteria and Rhizobia |
title_full | Evaluation of Immune Responses Induced by Simultaneous Inoculations of Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) with Soil Bacteria and Rhizobia |
title_fullStr | Evaluation of Immune Responses Induced by Simultaneous Inoculations of Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) with Soil Bacteria and Rhizobia |
title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Immune Responses Induced by Simultaneous Inoculations of Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) with Soil Bacteria and Rhizobia |
title_short | Evaluation of Immune Responses Induced by Simultaneous Inoculations of Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) with Soil Bacteria and Rhizobia |
title_sort | evaluation of immune responses induced by simultaneous inoculations of soybean (glycine max [l.] merr.) with soil bacteria and rhizobia |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6440728/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30726789 http://dx.doi.org/10.1264/jsme2.ME18110 |
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