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Cancer-associated fibroblasts as abettors of tumor progression at the crossroads of EMT and therapy resistance

In the last decades, the role of the microenvironment in tumor progression and therapeutic outcome has gained increasing attention. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have emerged as key players among stromal cells, owing to their abundance in most solid tumors and their diverse tumor-restraining/...

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Autores principales: Fiori, Micol Eleonora, Di Franco, Simone, Villanova, Lidia, Bianca, Paola, Stassi, Giorgio, De Maria, Ruggero
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6441236/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30927908
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-019-0994-2
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author Fiori, Micol Eleonora
Di Franco, Simone
Villanova, Lidia
Bianca, Paola
Stassi, Giorgio
De Maria, Ruggero
author_facet Fiori, Micol Eleonora
Di Franco, Simone
Villanova, Lidia
Bianca, Paola
Stassi, Giorgio
De Maria, Ruggero
author_sort Fiori, Micol Eleonora
collection PubMed
description In the last decades, the role of the microenvironment in tumor progression and therapeutic outcome has gained increasing attention. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have emerged as key players among stromal cells, owing to their abundance in most solid tumors and their diverse tumor-restraining/promoting roles. The interplay between tumor cells and neighboring CAFs takes place by both paracrine signals (cytokines, exosomes and metabolites) or by the multifaceted functions of the surrounding extracellular matrix. Here, we dissect the most recent identified mechanisms underlying CAF-mediated control of tumor progression and therapy resistance, which include induction of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), activation of survival pathways or stemness-related programs and metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells. Importantly, the recently unveiled heterogeneity in CAFs claims tailored therapeutic efforts aimed at eradicating the specific subset facilitating tumor progression, therapy resistance and relapse. However, despite the large amount of pre-clinical data, much effort is still needed to translate CAF-directed anti-cancer strategies from the bench to the clinic.
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spelling pubmed-64412362019-04-11 Cancer-associated fibroblasts as abettors of tumor progression at the crossroads of EMT and therapy resistance Fiori, Micol Eleonora Di Franco, Simone Villanova, Lidia Bianca, Paola Stassi, Giorgio De Maria, Ruggero Mol Cancer Review In the last decades, the role of the microenvironment in tumor progression and therapeutic outcome has gained increasing attention. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have emerged as key players among stromal cells, owing to their abundance in most solid tumors and their diverse tumor-restraining/promoting roles. The interplay between tumor cells and neighboring CAFs takes place by both paracrine signals (cytokines, exosomes and metabolites) or by the multifaceted functions of the surrounding extracellular matrix. Here, we dissect the most recent identified mechanisms underlying CAF-mediated control of tumor progression and therapy resistance, which include induction of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), activation of survival pathways or stemness-related programs and metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells. Importantly, the recently unveiled heterogeneity in CAFs claims tailored therapeutic efforts aimed at eradicating the specific subset facilitating tumor progression, therapy resistance and relapse. However, despite the large amount of pre-clinical data, much effort is still needed to translate CAF-directed anti-cancer strategies from the bench to the clinic. BioMed Central 2019-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6441236/ /pubmed/30927908 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-019-0994-2 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Review
Fiori, Micol Eleonora
Di Franco, Simone
Villanova, Lidia
Bianca, Paola
Stassi, Giorgio
De Maria, Ruggero
Cancer-associated fibroblasts as abettors of tumor progression at the crossroads of EMT and therapy resistance
title Cancer-associated fibroblasts as abettors of tumor progression at the crossroads of EMT and therapy resistance
title_full Cancer-associated fibroblasts as abettors of tumor progression at the crossroads of EMT and therapy resistance
title_fullStr Cancer-associated fibroblasts as abettors of tumor progression at the crossroads of EMT and therapy resistance
title_full_unstemmed Cancer-associated fibroblasts as abettors of tumor progression at the crossroads of EMT and therapy resistance
title_short Cancer-associated fibroblasts as abettors of tumor progression at the crossroads of EMT and therapy resistance
title_sort cancer-associated fibroblasts as abettors of tumor progression at the crossroads of emt and therapy resistance
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6441236/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30927908
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12943-019-0994-2
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