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Alphapartitiviruses of Heterobasidion Wood Decay Fungi Affect Each Other's Transmission and Host Growth

Heterobasidion spp. root rot fungi are highly destructive forest pathogens of the northern boreal forests, and are known to host a diverse community of partitiviruses. The transmission of these mycoviruses occurs horizontally among host strains via mycelial anastomoses. We revealed using dual cultur...

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Autores principales: Kashif, Muhammad, Jurvansuu, Jaana, Vainio, Eeva J., Hantula, Jarkko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6443826/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30972301
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2019.00064
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author Kashif, Muhammad
Jurvansuu, Jaana
Vainio, Eeva J.
Hantula, Jarkko
author_facet Kashif, Muhammad
Jurvansuu, Jaana
Vainio, Eeva J.
Hantula, Jarkko
author_sort Kashif, Muhammad
collection PubMed
description Heterobasidion spp. root rot fungi are highly destructive forest pathogens of the northern boreal forests, and are known to host a diverse community of partitiviruses. The transmission of these mycoviruses occurs horizontally among host strains via mycelial anastomoses. We revealed using dual cultures that virus transmission rates are affected by pre-existing virus infections among two strains of H. annosum. The transmission efficacy of mycovirus HetPV15-pa1 to a pre-infected host was elevated from zero to 50% by the presence of HetPV13-an1, and a double infection of these viruses in the donor resulted in an overall transmission rate of 90% to a partitivirus-free recipient. On contrary, pre-existing virus infections of two closely related strains of HetPV11 hindered each other's transmission, but had unexpectedly dissimilar effects on the transmission of more distantly related viruses. The co-infection of HetPV13-an1 and HetPV15-pa1 significantly reduced host growth, whereas double infections including HetPV11 strains had variable effects. Moreover, the results showed that RdRp transcripts are generally more abundant than capsid protein (CP) transcripts and the four different virus strains express unique transcripts ratios of RdRp and CP. Taken together, the results show that the interplay between co-infecting viruses and their host is extremely complex and highly unpredictable.
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spelling pubmed-64438262019-04-10 Alphapartitiviruses of Heterobasidion Wood Decay Fungi Affect Each Other's Transmission and Host Growth Kashif, Muhammad Jurvansuu, Jaana Vainio, Eeva J. Hantula, Jarkko Front Cell Infect Microbiol Cellular and Infection Microbiology Heterobasidion spp. root rot fungi are highly destructive forest pathogens of the northern boreal forests, and are known to host a diverse community of partitiviruses. The transmission of these mycoviruses occurs horizontally among host strains via mycelial anastomoses. We revealed using dual cultures that virus transmission rates are affected by pre-existing virus infections among two strains of H. annosum. The transmission efficacy of mycovirus HetPV15-pa1 to a pre-infected host was elevated from zero to 50% by the presence of HetPV13-an1, and a double infection of these viruses in the donor resulted in an overall transmission rate of 90% to a partitivirus-free recipient. On contrary, pre-existing virus infections of two closely related strains of HetPV11 hindered each other's transmission, but had unexpectedly dissimilar effects on the transmission of more distantly related viruses. The co-infection of HetPV13-an1 and HetPV15-pa1 significantly reduced host growth, whereas double infections including HetPV11 strains had variable effects. Moreover, the results showed that RdRp transcripts are generally more abundant than capsid protein (CP) transcripts and the four different virus strains express unique transcripts ratios of RdRp and CP. Taken together, the results show that the interplay between co-infecting viruses and their host is extremely complex and highly unpredictable. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-03-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6443826/ /pubmed/30972301 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2019.00064 Text en Copyright © 2019 Kashif, Jurvansuu, Vainio and Hantula. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Kashif, Muhammad
Jurvansuu, Jaana
Vainio, Eeva J.
Hantula, Jarkko
Alphapartitiviruses of Heterobasidion Wood Decay Fungi Affect Each Other's Transmission and Host Growth
title Alphapartitiviruses of Heterobasidion Wood Decay Fungi Affect Each Other's Transmission and Host Growth
title_full Alphapartitiviruses of Heterobasidion Wood Decay Fungi Affect Each Other's Transmission and Host Growth
title_fullStr Alphapartitiviruses of Heterobasidion Wood Decay Fungi Affect Each Other's Transmission and Host Growth
title_full_unstemmed Alphapartitiviruses of Heterobasidion Wood Decay Fungi Affect Each Other's Transmission and Host Growth
title_short Alphapartitiviruses of Heterobasidion Wood Decay Fungi Affect Each Other's Transmission and Host Growth
title_sort alphapartitiviruses of heterobasidion wood decay fungi affect each other's transmission and host growth
topic Cellular and Infection Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6443826/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30972301
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2019.00064
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