The Impact of Aerobic Exercise on Female Bone Health Indicators

INTRODUCTION: Females usually suffer from bone health problems, particularly with aging. Aerobic exercise has been shown to have health benefits for females. AIM: The main objective of this study was to investigate the impact of aerobic exercise on female bone health by measuring serum trace elements and bone metabolism markers. METHODS: Prospective interventional study was conducted at rehabilitation clinics in Royal Medical Services, Jordan. A total of 65 female participants were included. Participants were assigned into three groups: control group (N = 20), osteopenic group (N = 22), and osteoporotic group (N = 23). A standard aerobic exercise protocol was followed for 12 weeks. Endurance exercise protocol involved three sessions weekly for 60 minutes each. At basal level and after the experiment, the following parameters were assessed: body mass index (BMI), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), T-score, bone mineral density (BMD), and calcium. The analysis of data was carried out using SPSS version 21. The difference in means was computed based on t-test. Significance was considered at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Aerobic training exercise improved the levels of all parameters in all groups for both sexes significantly, including BMI, BAP, T-score, BMD, and calcium (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Aerobic training exercise improves bone health and restores the hemostasis of bone tissue by restoring bone biomarkers, including BAP and calcium.