Successful percutaneous embolization of refractory chylous ascites following peritoneal lymph node dissection

Chylous leaks are an uncommon complication in patients undergoing surgical procedures with the majority of cases responding to conservative therapies. Described is a case of a 23-year-old male who developed debilitating refractory chylous ascites as a complication after retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for testicular cancer. Prior to being evaluated by interventional radiology, he required weekly large-volume paracentesis in addition to standard conservative therapies. The patient underwent a single percutaneous treatment of a localized chylous leak involving a retroperitoneal lymphatic duct by utilizing a combined fenestration and embolization technique. Complete resolution of the patient's condition occurred within 3 weeks. No immediate or delayed complications were observed during the 6-month follow-up period.