Predictive value of P-selectin and endothelin-1 for vascular restenosis after interventional procedures for peripheral artery disease

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is caused by the building up of plaques in the arteries that carry blood to the lower limbs. The present study aimed to assess the predictive value of the plasma levels of P-selectin (Ps) or endothelin-1 (ET-1) regarding the occurrence of vascular restenosis after endovascular therapy for PAD. Patients with or without vascular restenosis confirmed by computed tomography angiography after endovascular therapy between March and December 2015 (n=20 per group) were enrolled. The serum levels of Ps and ET-1 prior to the operation and at 1 h, as well as 1, 2 and 3 weeks after the operation were compared between the two groups. At 1 h after the operation, the serum levels of Ps and ET-1 were significantly increased as compared with the pre-operative levels (P<0.05). The serum levels of Ps and ET-1 at 1 h, as well as 1, 2 and 3 weeks after the operation in the restenosis group were significantly higher as compared with those in the non-stenosis group (P<0.05). However, for the non-stenosis group, the serum levels of Ps and ET-1 at 1, 2 and 3 weeks after the operation did not significantly differ from the pre-operative levels (P>0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the serum ET-1 levels at 1 h after the operation for predicting post-operative restenosis in PAD patients with a cut-off of 0.1089 pg/ml were 85 and 85%, respectively. In conclusion, the serum levels of Ps and ET-1 have a high predictive value for post-operative vascular restenosis after endovascular therapy for PAD patients.